2020-2021学年洛阳市第二十三中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

答案解析

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Book reading is certainly one of the most absorbing habits. For young adults who love to read, finding some good books to read is very essential. Writing a book review can help you to improve your language and writing skills.

The Book Thief

Listed onThe New York Times Children’s Best Seller List for over 100 weeks, The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is the story of a young girl in the Nazi camps set during World War II. So, if you love history and wish to learn how the life was during Adolf Hitler’s time, read this historic book.

The Diary of Young Girl

Even Anne Frank can not have imagined that her personal diary written during World War II would become such a popular book. It’s a must read that describes the situation of a family in the evils of wars through the eyes of a teenager.

Animal Farm

Animal Farm is one of the most popular books by George Orwell. It is just a reflection of the Stalin and World War II period that has been so creatively presented in this book. It is an interesting example of how literature can be used to present conditions common in the society.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the great American novels in history, and is certainly a great pick for young adults. Young Huck Finn and his mischief along with the color1 ful description of people around theMississippi Rivermake this novel a great book to read.

1.Which book describes the author’s own experiences according to this passage? A.The Book Thief B.The Diary of Young Girl C.Animal Farm D.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 2.What do the first three books have in common? A.All of them are about wars.

B.All of them are about farms.

C.All of them are intended for history lovers. D.All of them were written during World War II. 3.The purpose of this passage is to _________. A.instruct youngsters how to improve skills B.tell youngsters some wonderful reading habits C.introduce several good books to youngsters D.give youngsters advice on writing a book review

B

Parents and math teachers regularly asked by their school-aged charges whether math matters inreal life now have an answer.

In a study published by the National Bureau of Economic Research this week, Harvard Kennedy School Policy Professor Joshua Goodman took a look at what happened to students whose high schools were required in the 1980s to increase the minimum level of coursework required to graduate. What he found is that the students were more likely to increase the number of math courses they took as a result of the change in standards and that translated into higher earnings down the line.

Put simply: About 15 years after they graduated, the high school graduates who went to school when these changes took effect saw their average earnings increase about 10% for every extra year of math coursework. The findings may add fuel to the steady drum of education experts, policy makers and others calling for an increased focus on science and math education.

The increase in required math courses didn’t necessarily produce rocket scientists, Goodman notes, because the extra coursework wasn’t at a particularly high level. But becoming familiar with and practicing ly basic math skills allowed high school graduates to pursue and excel at jobs that required some level of computational knowledge, he said.

Goodman acknowledged that the earnings boost for the students connected with the up tick （上升）in math education may be dependent on the state of the economy. When Goodman checked in the late 1990s and early 2000s on the earnings of the students who graduated in the late 1985，he found that their earnings increased significantly if they took more math. 4. What does Joshua Goodman’s study find? A. High school graduates earn more.

B. High school students prefer math. C. Math matters a lot in one’s income. D. Math is a compulsory course in school. 5. Why is increase in required math courses useful? A. It produced rocket scientists. B. It makes high school students smarter. C. It meets the requirements of the government. D. It enables high school graduates to get better jobs. 6. What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To give a warning to policy makers.

B. To seek help for high school students’ problems. C. To show the great importance of learning math. D. To tell a struggling history of high school students. 7. What could be the best title for the text? A. Efforts matter most B. Math makes money

C. Earnings of different graduates D. Changes of high school courses

C

A team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles. They are strong and flexible at the same time, can feel the movements they perform and, whenever they suffer damage, they can self-heal. However, what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.

The robotic muscles have been called actuators, and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles. By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators, researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.

To make the robotic muscles work, they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil. Then, they applied some electricity, and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them. This way, the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles, but a lot quicker.

Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles, and created more types of actuators, each of them performing a different movement. They called these robotic muscles HASEL ( Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic). However, they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger, faster, and more flexible.

Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology. Eric Acome, the author of one of the studies, explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.

“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we haven't seen before.”

These muscles are special because they are also self-healing. This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them, which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms (机械)using solids. In the end, the material which keeps the liquid, the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap. It is a type of polymer (聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags, and can be manufactures for only 10 cents. 8. What can we learn about actuators?

A. They can heal on their own. B. They are biological muscles.

C. They can not move like human muscles. D. They are slower to react than real muscles. 9. What do actuators use to directly power electrodes? A. Solids. B. Liquid and oil.

C. A type of polymer. D. Potato chips bags. 10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. The origin of actuators. B. The opinions on actuators. C. The advantages of actuators. D. The significance of actuators. 11. In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?

A. Health. B. Culture. C. Education. D. Technology.

D

What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!

The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop

laughing.

My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.

I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.

12. How did the author feel the night before her new school?

A. Tired. B. Confident C. Worried. D. homesick 13. What did the author think of her mother’s advice?

A. Clear. B. Funny. C. Optional D. Respectable 14. What happened on the author's first day of school?

A. She met many nice people. B. She had a hurried breakfast. C. She learned tome new skills. D. She arrived at school very early. 15. What can we infer about Abigail?

A. She disliked Stacey. B. She was shy and quiet.

C. She got on well with the author. D. She was an old friend of the author. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Most people believe in the right to express their own opinion without fear of punishment. This value, however, is coming under fire in an unlikely place—the public school classroom. The issue is school uniforms. Should public school students be allowed to make individual decisions about clothing?___16___I think school uniforms are the better choice for students.

Wearing school uniforms would help make students’ lives simpler. They would no longer have to decide what to wear every morning, sometimes trying on outfit after outfit in an effort to choose.___17___

School uniforms influence students to act responsibly in groups and as individuals. Uniforms give students the message that school is a special place for learning.___18___For example, when students do something as a group, such as attending meetings in the auditorium or eating lunch in the cafeteria, the fact that they all wear the same uniform gives them a sense of unity.

___19___Students’ standards of living differ greatly from family to family, and some people are well-off while others are not. People sometimes forget that school is a place to get an education, not to promote a “fashion show”. Carrying out mandatory school uniforms would make all the students look the same regardless of their financial status.

There are many well-documented benefits of carrying out mandatory school uniforms for students. Many relevant studies have proved that.___20___ A. Schools had better do more further studies. B. Uniforms would help save much time and trouble. C. School uniforms help make all the students feel equal. D. Or should all the students be required to wear a uniform? E. School uniformshelp bridge the economic gap among students. F. In addition, uniforms create a feeling of community among students.

G. Public schools should require uniforms to benefit both the students and society.

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Joella and Joanna are 20-year-old twins. On April 6, Joella____21____,on that Joanna was suffering Leukemia, a type of cancer that____22____the blood and bone marrow（髓）. And she____23____shaved her head alongside her twin sister in a moving video, which has since gone viral.

____24____COVID-19 lockdown（封城）, Joanna was forced to begin her chemotherapy treatments alone in the hospital. ''Without her family there to____25____her hand and wipe her tears when she needs it,\" Joella said in the____26____. “The only contact we had with her was through video calls and messages,\" Joella shared. ''It is a(n）____27____time for my family but especially for my____28____\"

When Joanna made the difficult decision to shave her head to make her____29____easier, Joella______30______her sister by doing the same. \"I couldn't let her______31______it alone so I decided we'll do it together just like everything else we've done together in this______32______\" Joella explained. \" I______33______you so much, my beautiful sister. You are a fighter and we’ll fight this battle together.\"

The______34______video, which shows the entire family hugging and wiping away each other's tears as both sisters have their heads shaved, has been______35______by 11 million times, plus more than 140.000______36______from well-wishers around the globe. \"Your sister is strong and beautiful,\" said one______37______. “She will fight this and win.\"

Joella later______38______a photo of the two sisters smiling, looking______39______with their newly shaven heads. \"My first best friend,\" she______40______the picture. \"By your side through it all.\" 21. A. landed B. found C. announced D. focused 22. A. absorbs B. affects C. cleans D. thickens 23. A. regretfully B. painfully C. hesitantly D. bravely 24. A. Duc to B. According to C. Regardless of D. Rather than 25. A. lift B. give C. shake D. hold

26. A. letter B. video C. interview D. hospital 27. A. special B. hard C. important D. happy 28. A. head . B. hair C. sister D. mother

29. A. treatments B. achievements C. feelings D. movements 30. A. called B. supported C. promised D. accompanied

31. A. go through with B. come up with C. get down to D. go in for 32. A. case B. aspect C. life D. campaign 33. A. love B. envy C. pity D. appreciate 34. A. amusing B. exciting C. amazing D. touching 35. A. noticed B. answered C. collected D. viewed 36. A. visits B. suggestions C. presents D. comments 37. A. user B. customer C. patient D. doctor 38. A. sent B. took C. shared D. compared 39. A. nervous B. happy C. shy D. embarrassed 40. A. signed B. mentioned C. captioned D. described 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

One of the world’s oldest____41.____(share) traditions, New Year’s celebrations take many forms, but most cultures have one thing____42.____common—letting one’s hair down after a long, hard year.

In Denmark, people stand on chairs and jump off together as the clock____43.____(strike) midnight, literally jumping into the new year. They also throw plates at their friends’ homes during the night—the more shards (碎片) you find outside your door in the morning the more____44.____(popular) you are said to gain.

The Dutch build big bonfires with their Christmas trees and eat sugary donuts—one of many cultures to

consume round New Year’s foods,____45.____(tradition) believed to represent good fortune..

In Spain, people swallow a dozen grapes one by one before the coming of midnight, each grape____46.____(represent) a month that will either be sweet or sour.

In the Philippines, people wear polka dots for good luck, while in some countries of South America people wear coloured underwear____47.____(attract) fortune—red for love and yellow for financial success.

Despite regional and cultural____48.____(different), for most of us, the New Year’s festivities are a chance to let off steam____49.____the annual cycle starts all over again.

“This is a holiday_____50._____is about relaxation and letting go,” explained George Washington University sociologist Amitai Etzioni.

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）

51.改正下面句子中的错误。每句有且仅有一处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在原句中缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）；在该句右边横线上写出应增加的词。

删除：在原句中把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉；在该句右边横线上写出应删除的词，并且也用斜线（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线；在该句右边横线上写出改正后的词。 例如：

增加I will pay attention∧this problem next time. to

删除Because Linda studied very hard,soshe ranked first in the exam. so 改正Bob isahonest boy. an

Mental strength can truly make difference when our determination is tested. My dad and I are both looking forward to see the Terracotta Army. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but we shouldn’t lose the heart. It is of great useful to us to learn from our failures.

Spending too much time online makes it difficult for teenagers to focus in other things in life. There are many places of interest that we can visit them inChina. As usually, my adviser helped me make a workable schedule. Beijing Opera can date back Emperor Qianlong.

It was the first time that I have done cool experiments in the science lab. Workers built shelters for those which lost their homes in the tsunami.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Carter enjoyed riding the school bus home. The ride home gave him some time to relax after a busy day of fifth grade. He usually sat alone and enjoyed that too. With four siblings (兄妹) he didn't get much time alone. Sometimes he sat with his younger brother, Jackson, but Jackson was sick at home today.

The bus stopped and the tallest boy in his class, Dexter, stepped off followed by his younger brother, Billy. As the bus pulled away, Carter looked back over his shoulder to watch the boys. Dexter was yelling and waving his hands at his little brother. Billy said something Carter could not hear. Dexter yelled, gave his younger brother a hard shove and knocked him to the ground. Billy was on the ground wiping at his eyes, but Dexter walked away.

Carter turned in his seat, feeling disgusted. He hated seeing little kids get picked on (欺负).The sight of Billy on the ground crying was burned into his memory. He tried to think of something else.

He thought of the model car he was working on at home, a 1967 Corvette. He started building it over a week ago and just finished putting it together last night. Tonight, as soon as he finished his homework, he could start painting the car. That was his favorite part. He already had the perfect color1 of blue picked out.

He hurried off the bus, ran through his yard, and breezed through the kitchen with a quick hello to his mom. She was making spaghetti, which smelled delicious. He ran up the stairs two at a time and rushed into his room.

“Surprise!” his brother Jackson said, throwing his arms into the air. \"What are you doing in my room? I thought you were sick!”

“I feel better!”

\"What's on your face? Are you bleeding?\"

\"No! I'm not bleeding.\" Jackson wiped at his face, probably just paint. Look! Look what I did!” He pointed at the desk in the comer of Carter's room.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1

Carter looked down at his desk in horror

Paragraph 2

Carter took a deep breath and then unfolded his fist.

参

1. B 2. A 3. C

4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B

8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D

12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C

16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G

21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C

41. shared

42. in 43. strikes 44. popularity 45. traditionally 46. representing 47. to attract 48. differences

49. before 50. that/which

51.(1). make后加a (2). see→seeing

(3). 去掉the (4). useful→use (5). in→on (6). 去掉them (7). usually→usual (8). back后加to (9). have→had (10). which→who

【56题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：当我们的决心受到考验时，精神力量真的会起作用。make a difference有影响，这是一个固定短语，故在make 后加a。 【57题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我爸爸和我都期待着看兵马俑。look forward to doing 期待做某事，to是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故将see改为seeing。 【58题详解】

考查冠词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我们不应该失去信心。lose heart失去信心，这是一个固定短语，故去掉the。

【59题详解】

考查名词。句意：从失败中吸取教训对我们是很有用的。固定用法of +形容词+名词，这是一个固定用法，故将useful改为use。 【60题详解】

考查介词。句意：花太多时间上网使青少年很难集中精力在生活的其他事情上。focus on 集中注意力于......这是一个固定短语,故将in改为on。 【61题详解】

考查代词。句意：在中国有许多我们可以参观的名胜古迹。分析句子结构，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为places of interest，关系词在从句中作宾语，them多余，故将them去掉。 【62题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：像往常一样，我的导师帮我制定了一个可行的计划。as usual像往常一样，这是一个固定短语,故将usually改为usual。 【63题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：京剧可以追溯到乾隆皇帝。date back to 追溯到…，这是一个固定短语,故在back后加to。

【题详解】

考查固定句型和时态。句意： 这是我第一次在科学实验室做很酷的实验。It was +第几次+that从句，表示“某人第几次做某事”，这是一个固定句型，that从句用过去完成时，故将have 改为had。 【65题详解】

考查定语从句的关系词。句意：工人们为那些在海啸中失去家园的人建造了避难所。分析句子结构，这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为those，关系词在从句中作主语，指人，先行词为指人的those时，只能用who，不能用that，故将which改为who 52.略