高考语法与长难句讲义

高考英语必考语法与难句超精讲 

第一部分󰀃语法必考点󰀃

一、定语从句

〖水平检验〗

1.As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.

A. which B. where C. what D. that

2.She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. A. them C. whom

3.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.

A. if B. when C. which D. since

4.Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

A. why B. what

B. who D. these

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C. that D. where

5.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city_____ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.

A. which

6. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, I can be reached most evenings.　 A.which

7.All the neighbors admire this family, the parents are treating their child like a friend.　

A.why B.where

8. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example. A.for which B.in which

9.The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.　 A.what

B.that

C.how

D.as C.of which

D.from which

C.which

D.that

B.when

C.whom

D.where

B. of which C. that D. whose

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10.There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.　 A.that

〖熟能生巧〗

1.Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now

A. where B. when C. there D. which

2.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision. A. that B. which C. when D. where

3.It’s helpful to put children in a situation______they can see themselves differently.

A. that B. when C. which D. where

4.Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.

A. who B. which

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B.which C.until D.if

C. when D. that

5.I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.

A. which

6.They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising

A.that B. when C. what D. which

7.They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or

three days. A.where

8.I walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A.which

9. is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.　 A.Which

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B. where C. how D. why

B.there C.which D.when

B.when C.where D.that

B.When C.What D.As

10.Everyone has periods in their lives ______ everything seems very hard.

A. when B. where C. which D. that

11.Is there a bookshop around_____I can buy an English Chinese dictionary?

A.which B.where

12.The moment_____Leo will never forget is_____Mr.Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing. A.that;when B.that;that

13.Is there a magic period___children become responsible for their

own actions? A.that

B.on which

C.which

D.when

C.when;that

D.when;where

C.that

D.what

二、状语从句

〖水平检验〗

1._____ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.

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A. If B. While C. Because D. As

2.Leave your key with a neighbor _____ you lock yourself out one day.

A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case

3.Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal . A. so that B. although C. while D. as if

4.How can you expect to learn anything ____ you never listen? A. in case B. even if C. unless D. when

5.I won’t call you, ________ something unexpected happens. A. unless B. whether C. because D. while

6._________,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. A. Strange as might it sound C. As strange it might sound

7.You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card.

A. before B. if C. while D. as

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B. As it might sound strange D. Strange as it might sound

8.He tried his best to solve the problem, difficult it was. A.however C.whatever

9.Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by man to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people.

A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that

10.He had his camera ready____ he saw something that would make a good picture

A．even if B．if only C．in case D.so that

〖熟能生巧〗

1.—I wonder how much you charge for your services. —The first two are free the third costs $30.

A. while B. until C. when D. before

2.We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, , in fact, there were 40.

A.while B.whether　 C.what D.which

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B.no matter D.although

3. volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While

4.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable.

A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that

5. __________he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.

A. Since B. Unless C. As

6. __________I really don’t like art，I find his work impressive.　 A.As B.Since

7.My parents live in a small village.They always keep candles in the house__________there is a power out.　 A.if

8.The old tower must be saved， A.however

B.whatever

the cost.

D.wherever

B.unless

C.in case

D.so that

C.If

D.While

D. Although

C.whichever

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三、名词性从句

〖水平检验〗

1.____ you don’t like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

2.____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter

3.____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. No matter Who

4.She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do＿＿it takes to save her life.

A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever

5.___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

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6.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.

A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

7.The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

A. what B. which C. that D. though

8. The suggestion ______he raised at the meeting is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /

〖熟能生巧〗

1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that

2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether

3.___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How

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4.____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever

5.What the doctors really doubt is _____my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when B. how C. whether D. why

6.Could I speak to ____ is in charge of International Sales please ? A. who B. no matter who C. whoever D. whomever

7. The suggestion ____ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.

A. which B. that C. what D. /

四、代词考点

〖水平检验〗

1.Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

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A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it

2.Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that you’re too ill to work on?

A. that B.it C.his D.him

3.The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase . A. them B. those C. it D. that

4.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we

do______benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what

5.The doctor thought ___________would be good for you to have a holiday.

A. this B. that C. one D. it

6.It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently

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A .which B. that C. how D. When

7.The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.

A. that B. this C. it D. one        〖熟能生巧〗

1.The fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that country

A. so B. much C. that D. it

2.The two girls are so alike that strangers find __ difficult to tell one from the other.

A. it B. them C. her D. that

3.I don’t mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to.　 A. it

4.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ____ in the newspaper.

A. it B. those C. one D. that

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B.that C.this D.which

5._______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.

A. As B. That C. This D. It

6.We feel our duty to make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one

五、非谓语动词

〖水平检验〗

1. , you need to give all you have and try your best. A.Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner

2.It is no use without taking action. A.complain B.complaining C.being complained

3.Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A.found

B.founding

D.to be founded

D.to be complained

C.founded

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4.We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.

A.finding B.to find C.find D.to be found

5. Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized

6.On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. A.says

7.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable . A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold

8.The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A.joining C.joined

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B.said C.saying D.to say

B.to join D.having joined

9.Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.

A.keep C.keeping

10.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces. A.break C.broken

〖熟能生巧〗

1. around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. A.Gather

B.To gather

D.To be gathering

B.breaking D.to break

B.kept D.to keep

C.Gathering

2.Sarah pretended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument.

A.says B.said

3.More TV programs, according to government officials,will be produced people‘s concern over food safety. A.to raise

C.to say D.saying

B.raising

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C.to have raised D.having raised

4.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams. A.reminding C.reminded

5.Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years. A.Having B.had

C.have

D.to have

B.to remind D.remind

六．倒装句考点

1. At no time ________the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them.

2.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again.

A. I will speak.

B. will I speak. D. I speak.

A. they actually broke

B. do they actually break

D. they had actually broken

C. did they actually break

C. do I speak.

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3．“Never for a second ,”the boy says, “ that my father would come to my rescue.”

A. I doubted B. do I doubt C. I have doubted D. did I doubt

4．Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ___properly in this hospital.

A. can be the patients B. can the patients be treated C. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients

5. Not until he went through real hardship _____ the love we have for our families is important.

A. had he realized B. did he realize C. he realized D. he had realized

6.Not once _______ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred it C. it occurred

B. it did occur D. did it occur

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七、虚拟语气与情态动词

〖水平检验〗

1.It is ordered that he ___ the examination. A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take

2.We suggested that the meeting _________ A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off

3. It is strange that he _____ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told

4.Her pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____ a medical examination. A. be, should have B. was, have C. should, had D. was, has

5. I ______ to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.

A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone

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6. If we ______ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.

A. have booked B. booked

7.—Do you think George has passed the driving test? —No. If so, he _____his car to our college yesterday.

A. would drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven

8. Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam _____ at the age of six months old.

A. was B. be C. were D. is

9. — It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.

— Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ______. A. hadn't B. haven't C. didn't D. don't

10. The children ______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. A. must have got B. must get C. should have got D. should get

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C. book D. had booked

11. Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own.

A. can B. must C. would D. need

12. When I was a child, I ______ watch TV whenever I wanted to. A. should B. could C. must

13. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He ______ too much at the party last night.

A. could drink B. should drink C. would have D. must have drunk

14.—Why are your eyes so red? You _______ have slept well last night.

—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t

15. No one ______ be more generous; he has a heart of gold. A. could B. must

16. It ______ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the

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D. need

C. dare D. need

exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t

17. --- You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain. --- Well, I don’t know. It ______ do. A. might B. need

18. He ________ sleep, although he tried to when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

A．wouldn't B．shouldn't C．couldn't D．mustn't

19. The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed. A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t

〖熟能生巧〗

1.I ______ myself more ---- it was a perfect day. A. shouldn’t have enjoyed

B. needn’t have enjoyed

C. would D. should

C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed

2. — What are you doing this Saturday?

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— I'm not sure, but I ______ go to the Rolling Stones concert A. must

3.It is demanded that North Korea _________ the regional stability by provoking South Korea.

A. doesn’t threaten B. not threaten C. won’t threaten D. mustn’t threaten

4. My mom suggests that we ______ eat out for a change this weekend.

A. should B. might C. could D. would

5. I should not have laughed if I ______ you were serious. A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have thought

6. If he had spent more time practicing English before, he ______ able to speak it much better now

A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been

B. would C. should D. might

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第二部分󰀃难句分类解析󰀃

一、名词性从句󰀃

They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.

He suggests that we should change this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.

At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not

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caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics.

Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

Throughout the twentieth century, advertising agencies promoted consumerism as a way of life, spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the “right” products.

In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate -- something previously

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seen as beyond our control.

Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.

The fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need, and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.

There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity

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that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.

Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.

Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy.

The present question is that many people consider

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impossible what is really possible if effort is made.

二．定语从句󰀃

He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.

When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher -- to be a published writer -- is unbelievably rewarding.

Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing.

It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and

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go to their neighbors’ homes to ask for sweets，but if the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.

One reason why we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down.

Today, the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international crossroad where traders from surrounding countries, and tourists from all over the world regularly meet.

One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about 500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire.

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The Silk Road got its name in the 19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China.

As a university we provide practical solutions for business and use our excellent industry links to influence the teaching of our courses, giving our students the skills and experience that employers want so that when you complete your course you’ll be ready to take off in your chosen career.

After many years of studying and then listening to feedback from people who have read and used the information in his books, George discovered that there are three basic things that people need in order to make

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eating healthy foods their regular way of eating.

The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage in complex ideas.

三．状语从句󰀃

While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination.

I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on, I grabbed my boots and raced after him.

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Body language is used to communicate both attitudes and feelings from affection to anger just like any other language, but it differs from spoken language as it is not always explicit.

Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.

As we all know, however good an advertisement is, people are unlikely to be persuaded if the product is unsuitable for them.

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Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis---luckily for us.

Put simply, the existence of mirror neurons(镜像神经元) suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate it，whether or not we actually perform the same action.

The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids.

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Snakes are very shy and usually attack only if they are disturbed and feel threatened.

When it comes to advertising, consumers need to be educated about techniques used by advertisers so they can judge the claims for themselves and not blindly accept everything that is said in advertisements.

When rescue did come, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.

We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us.

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四、特殊结构󰀃

They don’t see men succeeding in society so it doesn’t occur to them that they could make something of themselves.

When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, it’s women who come out on top every time.

Only through the united efforts

we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.

Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.

No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.

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Not only did Tom introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India, where a successful tea industry was established.

Not only will a lodger earn you an income, but also, thanks to the government- backed “rent a room” program, you won’t have to pay any tax on the first￡4500 you make per year.

Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s

Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly-opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where-- luckily for me-- I was planning to have dinner that very night.

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Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.

Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment, she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.

The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.

To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.

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It was not until November 13, 1956 that the US Supreme Court declared separation on buses was not constitutional.

They come to see the grand sights of the Great Wall and the Forbidden City but often it is the hutongs that leave the strongest impression, as they offer the travellers a rare view into China’s past.

It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.

It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.

Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the

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Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.

You must be aware that it is here that we found the evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.

They realize that it does not matter how attractive the idea linked with the product is --- most people know that the main purpose of the advertisement is making customers spend money.

However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless

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of lifestyle choices.

To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.

A consumer can complain to the organization, giving reasons for their complaint, and if the complaint is correct, the organization can make the company stop using the offending advertisement.

The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word

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production rate.

Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.

In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would have had no chance of getting a degree.

If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.

The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.

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Confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles.He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.

Their money would be wasted if the message didn’t reach its target audience, in other words the people the advertisement intends to persuade.

Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40, he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75.

Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he contact by radio, unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island 885 miles away.

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As studies continue to prove Traditional Chinese Medicine’s worth, especially in helping patients with cancer and AIDS, it becomes more and more obvious that Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine complement each other.

In a way , I think we both won : I the game , but cousin Ed my respect.

For example, adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any other group, so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.

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The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.

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