【小站教育】雅思写作标题篇：如何拟定恰当的标题

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雅思写作语法：如何拟写英语文章标题

老师您好，这个问题困扰了我很长时间，我发现很多文章的标题都是以动词的ing形式开头的，但是搞不清为什么要这样做，是现在分词，还是动名词呢?

针对该读者朋友的疑虑，我们特请本站特约作者陈根花老师查阅有关资料撰写了本文。虽然其中有些问题谈的是冠词的省略、助动词的省略等，但所给的实例很多都包括有“动词”——有些是用不定式，有些是用现在分词，有些是用过去分词——到底动词用何种形式，应根据句意要求来确定。

■《朗文英语语法》在9.12.5节指出：报刊标题、图片文字说明等用一般现在时和现在进行时。这种一般现在时通常用以表示过去发生的事件：

FREAK SNOW STOPS TRAFFIC 反常的大雪使交通断绝

DISARMAMENT TALKS BEGlN IN V IENNA 裁军会议在维也纳开始举行

可用缩略的现在进行时表示将来;同样也可用动词不定式：

CABINET MINISTER RESIGNING SOON (or TO RE-SIGN SOON) 阁员即将辞职

■《朗文英语语法》在12. 9. 3中指出：标题、广告、通知等常用被动语态(但通常省略助动词be)：

KENNEDY ASSASSINATED! 肯尼迪被刺!

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TRADE AGREEMENTS BROKEN! 贸易协定遭到破坏!

PRICES SLASHED! 大减价!

ALL GOODS GREATLY REDUCED! 各种货物大减价!

■《牛津实用英语语法》(第四版)第114节指出：在新闻标题中，be常被省略：

Prime Minister (is) to make statement tomorrow. 首相将在明天发表声明。

■《牛津实用英语语法》(第四版)第174节指出：一般现在时可用于报刊新闻等的标题中：

MASS MURDERER ESCAPES残杀多人的凶手逃跑

PEACE TALKS FAIL和谈破裂

■《薄冰高级英语语法》在21.6节中指出：在报纸标题中亦常省去连系动词：

Arrests up for Economic Crimes因经济犯罪而被逮捕之人数上升

Johnson Ready for Tokyo Meet 约翰逊准备参加东京运动会

■《张道真英语语法》在第39节中指出：一般现在时通常用在报纸标题中：

Disarmament Talks Begin in Vienna. 裁军谈判在维也纳开始

Bank Robery：Robbers take ￥100,000. 银行劫案：匪徒抢走十万美金

■《张道真英语语法》在第45节中指出：现在进行时通常用在报纸标题中(前面的助动

www.zhan.com 词常省略)：

Cabinet Minister (Is) resigning soon. 内阁即将辞职

(The) College Team (Is) Training for (the) Next Game. 大学队积极练习准备参加下一轮比赛

■《张道真英语语法》在第93节指出：被动语态通常用于报纸标题 (动词be常常省略)：

Kennedy assassinated! 肯尼迪遭到暗杀!

Trade Agreements Broken! 贸易协定被破坏!

Five-year-old Boy Kidnapped! 五岁男童遭到绑架!

■《张道真英语语法》在第215节指出：在不少情况下还有省略冠词的情况，如在新闻标题中：

(The) City Congress to be in session Friday市议会星期五开会

(A) Hotel Fire Disaster饭店大火成灾

■《张道真英语语法》在第431节指出：在报纸标题和文章标题中也常用省略句：

Senator to Seek Reelection. 参议员争取再次当选。

What to do in an emergency? 紧急情况下怎么办?

How to learn a foreign language? 如何学外语?

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■《英语用法指南》(第2版) (Michael Swan) 在第1节中指出：报纸标题有自己特殊的语法和词语：

RECORD DRUGS HAUL AT AIRPORT：SIX HELD 机场破获运送毒品案数量空前六人被拘留

FOUR DIE IN M6 BL AZE六号公路大火四人丧生

R2在第69节中指出：简略的风格一般不用冠词，如报纸标题：

MAN KILLED ON MOUNTAIN 一男子在山上遇刺身亡

■《英语用法指南》(第2版) (Michael Swan) 在第114节中指出：Briton很少用，只在新闻报导和报纸标题：

THREE BRITONS DIE IN AIR CRASH 三个英国人在飞机失事中丧生

■《英语用法指南》(第2版) (Michael Swan) 在第288节中指出：我们经常看到How to…, what to… 等等用于用法说明、宣传材料、书籍等的标题：

HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR PRONUNCIATION怎样改进你的发音

WHAT TO DO IF FIRE BREAKS OUT发生火灾怎么办

■《英语用法指南》(第2版) (Michael Swan) 在第379节中指出：“名词+名词”结

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构在报纸标题中很常见，原因在于它节省篇幅：

FURNITURE FACTORY PAY CUT ROW 家具厂削减工资引起争议

■《英语用法指南》(第2版) (Michael Swan) 在第366节，用了专门的章节来论述报纸的标题的语言、语法、词汇等：

1. 特别的语言

标题就是报纸上文章上边的简短的题目(例如：RUSSIAN WOMAN LANDS ON MOON妇女登上月球)。英文报纸上的标题可能很难读懂。难懂的一个原因在于：报纸标题常常用一种和普通英语很不一样的特殊文体写成。在这种文体里，语法规则有特别之处，而且词语的用法也和平常的不一样。

2. 语法

a. 标题往往不是完整的句子，许多标题只是名词短语而且没有动词。

MORE WAGE CUTS 工资再度削减

HOLIDAY HOTEL DEATH 度假游客死于旅馆

EXETER MAN’S DOUBLE MARRIAGE BID 埃市男子企图重婚

b. 标题常常接连使用三四个或者更多的名词，前面的名词修饰后面的名词：

FURNITURE FACTORY PAY CUT ROW 家具厂削减工资的争议

像这样的标题可能不容易看懂，从后面往前读有时能有助益：

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FURNITURE FACTORY PAY CUT ROW 指的是“一次争议，争议是由削减工资引起的，发生在一个工厂里，该厂是制作家具的”。

c. 标题经常省略冠词和动词be：

SHAKESPEARE PLAY IMMORAL, SAYS HEADMASTER 一位校长说：莎士比亚戏剧有伤风化

WOMAN WALKS ON MOON 妇女在月球上行走

d. 标题经常使用简单的时态而不用进行时或完成时形式，叙述现在和过去的事件时都用一般现在时：

BLIND GIRL CLIMBS EVEREST (=... has climbed...) 盲女登上埃佛勒斯峰

STUDENTS FIGHT FOR COURSE CHANGES (=…are fighting...) 学生力争改革课程设置

现在进行时也可以用，谈论变化时尤其常用，be往往省略：

h. 经常用冒号(：)把标题的主题和其他部分隔开：

STRIKES：PM TO ACT 各地罢工：首相将采取行动

MOTORWAY CRASH：DEATH TOLL RISES 高速公路车祸：死亡人数增多

引号(“”)则用来说明有些话是某某人说的，该报并不一定认为引号中的话是真实的：

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CRASH DRIVER ’HAD BEEN DRINKING’ 肇事司机“车祸前曾饮酒”

问号(?)经常用来表示某事不能肯定：

CRISIS OVER BY SEPTEMBER? 危机到9月能结束码?

3. 词汇

短的词节省篇幅，所以报纸标题常用短词。标题里的一些短词在普通用法里不常见(例如curb, 表示“”的意思)，有些词则是按它们在普通用法里所不常有的特殊意义来使用(例如bid, 表示“企图”的意思)。另外，选用别的词语，并不是因为它们短小，而是因为听起来有劲(例如blaze, 原意“大火”，标题里则用来指“任何火”)。下面是一些常见的标题用语：

act: take action; do something 采取行动;起作用

FOOD CRISIS: GOVERNMENT TO ACT 食品危机：将采取对策

aid: military or financial help;to help (军事或财政上的)援助;帮助

MORE AID FOR POOR COUNTRIES 给穷国更多的援助

UNIONS AID HOSPITAL STRIKERS 工会支援医院罢工人员

alert: alarm, warning 警报，警告

FLOOD ALERT ON EAST COAST东海岸发出洪水警报

allege: make an accusation 声称，断言

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WOMAN ALLEGES UNFAIR TREATMENT 妇女声称遭到不公平待遇

appear: appear in court accused of a crime 出庭受审，到案

MP TO APPEAR ON DRUGS CHARGES 议员被控涉嫌毒品将出庭受审

axe: abolish, close down;abolition, closure 废止;关闭

COUNTRY BUS SERVICES AXED 农村公共汽车停止运营

SMALL SCHOOLS FACE AXE 规模小的学校面临关闭的危险

BA: British Airways 英国航空公司

BA MAKES RECORD LOSS 英航创下亏损记录

back: support 支持

AMERICA BACKS BRlTISH PEACE MOVE 美国支持英国的和平行动

ban: forbid, refuse to allow something;prohibition 禁止，取缔;禁令

CHINA BANS US IMRORTS 中国不许进口美国货

NEW BAN ON DEMONSTRATlONS 对示威的新禁令

bar: refuse / refusal to allow entry 阻止，不许进入

HOTEL BARS FOOTBALL FANS 旅馆拒不接待足球迷

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NEW BAR ON IMMIGRANTS 关于移民的新禁令

bid: attempt 力图

JAPANESE WOMEN IN NEW EVEREST BID 日本女登山队员再次努力攀登埃峰

blast: explosion;eriticise violently 爆炸;抨击

BLAST AT PALACE 皇宫发生爆炸

PM BLASTSEC 首相抨击欧共体

blaze: fire 火

SIX DIE IN HOTEL BLAZE 旅馆失火6人丧命

block: stop, delay 阻止，推迟

TORIES BLOCK TEACHERS’PAY DEAL 保守党阻挠教师工资协议

blow: bad news;discouragement;unfortunate happening 打击;泄气;灾祸

SMITH ILL：BLoW TO WORLD CUP HOPES 史密斯患病：夺取世界杯的希望受挫

bolster: give support / encouragement to 给予支持 / 鼓励

EXPORT FIGURES BOLSTER CITY CONFIDENCE 出口数字增强本市的信心

bond: political / business association (政治、贸易上的)联系。往来

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INDIA CUTS TRADE BONDS WITH PAKISTAN 印度断绝与巴基斯坦的贸易往来

boom: big increase;prosperous period 大增，暴涨;繁荣

SPENDING BOOM OVER, SAYS MINISTER 称：花钱热潮已过

boost: encourage(ment);to increase;an increase 促进;增加

GOVERNMENT PLAN TO BOOST EXPORTS 制定计划以鼓励出口

BRITAIN GETrlNG WARMER, SAY SCIENTISTS 科学家说英国气候正在变暖

TRADE FIGURES IMPROVING 数字显示贸易回升

e. 标题中的许多词语既可以当做名词又可以当做动词使用，而且名词常常用来修饰其他名词。因此，要弄清楚句子结构往往不很容易。试比较：

US CUTS AID TO THIRD WORLD (=The US reduces its help…) 美国减少对第三世界的援助(CUTS用作动词，AID是名词)

AIDCUTS ROW (=There has been a disagreernent about the reduction in aid.) 削减援助引起争议 (AID和CUTS都是名词)

CUTS AID REBELS(=The reduction is helping the revolutionaries.) 削减援助帮助了党人(CUTS用作名词，而AID却用作动词)

f. 标题经常使用动词不定式来表示将来：

PM TO VISIT AUSTRALIA 首相即将访问澳大利亚

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HOSPITALS TO TAKE FEWER PATIENTS 各家医院计划少收病人

还可以用for来表示将要实现的动作或计划：

TROOPS FOR GLASGOW? (=Are soldiers going to be sent to Glasgow? ) 要往格拉斯哥派兵吗?

g. 被动结构中经常省略助动词，只留下过去分词：

MURDER HUNT：MAN HELD (=…a man is being held by police.) 追捕谋杀犯：一男子被扣

SIX KILLED IN ExPLOSION(=Six people have been killed...) 发生爆炸6人遇难

请注意：像held, attacked等词常常是表示被动的过去分词，不是过去时态(报纸标题中极少用过去时态)。试比较：

一AID ROW：PRESIDENT ATTACKED (=…the President has been attacked.) 援外争议：总统遭到攻击

AID ROW：PRESIDENT ATTACKS CRITICS(=... the President has attacked her critics.)援外争议：总统反击批评者

一BOY FOUND SAFE(= The missing boy has been found safe.) 男童已找到：平安无恙

BOYFINDS SAFE(=A boy has found a safe.) 男童发现保险柜

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BR: British Rail 英国铁道部门

BR CLAIMS 50%OF TRAINS ON TIME 英铁声称50%火车正点

brink: edge(of disaster) (灾难的)边缘

WORLD ON BRINK OF WAR 世界濒临战争边缘

call (for): demand / appeal (for) 要求，呼吁

CALL FOR STRIKE TALKS 呼吁就罢工进行谈判

HOSPITAL ROW：MP CALLS FOR ENQUIRY 医院纠纷：议员要求进行调查

campaign: organised effort to achieve social or political result 运动

MP LAUNCHES CAMPAIGN FDR PRISON REFORM 议员发起运动要求监狱改革

cash: money 钱，资金

MORE CASH NEEDED FOR SCHOOLS 办学需要更多资金

charge: accusation(by police) (警方提出的)指控

THREE MEN HELD ON BOMB CHARGE 3个男子被扣涉嫌案件

chop: abolition, closure 废除，关闭

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300 BANK BRANCHES FACE CHOP 300家银行支行面临关闭危险

city: London’s financial institutions 伦敦的金融机构

NEW TRADE FIGURES PLEASE CITY 最新贸易数字使伦敦金融界欣喜

claim: (make) a statement that something is true (especially when there may be disagreement)断言，声称;pay claim demand for higher wages 要求增加工资

SCIENTIST CLAIMS CANCER BREAKTHROUGH 科学家称防治癌症取得突破

RACISM CLAIM IN NAVY 有人断言海军存在种族主义

TEACHERS’PAY CLAIM REJECTED 教师要求提高工资遭到拒绝

clamp: down on deal firmly with(usually something illegal) 严厉处治，取缔

POLICE TO CLAMP DOWN ON SPEEDING 警方将严厉惩处超速开车

clash: quarrel, fight noun or verb) 争吵，冲突

STUDENTS CLASH WITH POLICE 学生与发生冲突

clear: find innocent 证明……无辜

DOCTOR CLEARED OF DRUGS CHARGE 涉嫌毒品案宣告医生无罪

commons: the House of Commons(in Parliament) (英国)下议院

MINISTERS IN COMMONS CLASH OVER HOUSING 们在下院讨论住房问题时

www.zhan.com 发生争吵

dranma: dramatic event;tense situation 戏剧性事件;紧张的场面

PRINCE IN AIRPORT DRAMA 亲王机场遇险

drive: united effort 共同努力;运动

DRIVE TO SAVE WATER 节水运动

drop: give up, get rid of;fall (noun) 放弃，除掉;下落

GOVERNMENT TO DROP CHILD LABOUR PLAN 将放弃其童工计划

BIG DROP IN INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT 工业投资大幅下降

due: expected to arrive 预定到达

QUEEN DUE IN BERLIN TODAY 女王预定今日到达柏林

EC: The European Community 欧洲共同体

EC TRADE MINISTERS TO MEE 欧共体贸易将举行会议

edge: move gradually 徐徐移动

WORLD EDGKS TOWARDS WAR 世界慢慢向战争走去

envoy: ambassador 大使，使节

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FRENCH ENVOY DISAPPEARS 法国大使失踪

face: bethreatened by 受到威胁，面临

HOSPITALS FACE MOPE CUTS 医院面临进一步削减之虞

STRIKERS FACE SACK 罢工者受到解雇的威胁

feud: long-lasting quarrel or dispute 长期不和，世仇

FAMILY FEUD EXPLODES INTO V10LENCE：SIX HELD 家族世仇突然引起暴力事件：6人被扣

find: something that is found 发现物

BEACH FIND MAY BE BONES OF UNKNOWN DINOSAUR 海滩发现物可能是未知的恐龙骨

firm: determined not to change 坚定的

PM FIRM ON TAX LEVELS 首相对税收标准态度坚决

flak: heavy criticism 责难，抨击

GOVERNMENT FACES FLAK OVER VAT 关于面临抨击

flare: begin violently 突然发生

RIOTS FLARE IN ULSTER 北爱尔兰突发

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foil: prevent somebody from succeeding 挫败，使成泡影

gun down: shoot 杀

TERRORISTS GUN DOWN PRIEST 杀牧师

hail: welcome, praise 欢迎，赞赏

PM HAILs PEACE PLAN 首相欢迎该项和平计划

halt: stop 停止，止步

CAR PLANT TO HALT PRODUCTION 汽车厂将停产

haul: amount stolen in robbery, or seized by police or customs 被劫去或被、海关没收的财物

TRAIN ROBBERY：BIG GOLD HAUL 火车遭抢劫：巨额黄金被盗

RECORD DRUGS HAUL AT AIRPORT 机场截获毒品数量空前

head: lead;leader 率领;领袖

PM TO HEAD TRADE MISSlON 首相将率领贸易代表团

COMMONWEALTH HEADS TO MEET IN OTTAWA 英联邦各国首脑将聚会渥太华

head for: move towards 朝……行进，走向

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ECONOMY HEADING FOR DISASTER EXPERTS WARN 专家发出警告：经济正走向灾难

hike: (US)rise in costs, prices etc (美国英语)上涨，提高

INTEREST HIKE WILL HIT BUSINESS 利息上调将严重影响商业

hit: affect badly 严重妨碍，袭击

SNOWSTORMS HIT TRANSPORT 风暴袭来交通瘫痪

hit out: at attack(with words) 严厉批评

PM HITS OUT AT CRITICS 首相抨击责难者

hitch: problem that causes dday 障碍，故障

LAST-MINUTE HITCH DELAYS SATELLlTE LAUNCH 卫星发射因最后一分钟发生故障而推迟

hold: arrest;keep under arrest 拘留;扣押

POLICE HOLD TERROR SUSPECT 警方拘留恐怖活动嫌疑犯

MAN HELD AFTER STATION BLAST 火车站发生爆炸一男子被捕

in (the) red: in debt;making a financial loss 赤字，负债，亏损

BRITISH STEEL IN RED 英国钢铁业出现亏损

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IRA: Irish Republican Army 爱尔兰共和军

IRA LEADER MAKES STATEMENT 爱尔兰共和军领导人发表讲话

jail: prison 监狱

JAIL FOR PEACE MARCHERS 和平示威者进监狱

jobless: unemployed(people) 失业(者)

THREE MILLION JOBLESS BY APRIL? 到4月失业人数将为300万?

key: important, vital 重要的，关键的

KEY WITNESS VANISHES 关键证人失踪

landslide: victory by large majority in election (竞选中)一面倒的胜利

LANDSLIDE FOR SCOTTISH NATIoNALISTS 苏格兰民族党在选举中大获全胜

lash: criticise violently 猛烈批评，严厉斥责

BISHOP LASHES TV SEX AND VIOLENCE 主教痛斥电视中色情和暴力现象

launch: send (satellite etc) into space;begin (campaign etc);put (new product) on market发射(卫星等);开展(运动等);推出(新产品)

SPACE TELESCOPE LAUNCH DELAYED 宇宙望远镜推迟发射

ENVIRONMENT MINISTER LAUNCHES CAMPAIGN FOR CLEANER BEACHES 环

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保宣布“洁净海滩”运动开始

BRITISH FIRM LAUNCIIES THROW-AWAY CHAlRS 英国公司推出“一次性”椅子

lead: clue(in police enquiry) (警方调查中)线索

NEW LEAD IN PHONEBOX MURDER CASE 电话亭谋杀案有了新线索

leak: unofficial publication of secret information 泄漏机密，泄密

PM FURIOUS OVER TAX PLAN LEAKS 征税计划泄漏首相大发雷霆

leap: big increase 猛增

LEAP IN IMPORTS 进口剧增

life: imprisonment ’for life’ 终身监禁，无期徒刑

LIFE FOR AXE MURDERER 持斧杀人犯被判无期徒刑

link: connection, contact 联系，接触

NEW TRADE LINKS WITH PERU 对秘鲁贸易的新渠道

TWELVE-YEAR-OLD FoILS BANK RAIDERS 12岁孩子挫败银行劫犯

fraud: swindle, deceit 诈骗，诡计

JAIL FOR TICKET FRAUD MEN 男子诈骗票证被判入狱

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freeze: keep(ing)prices etc at their present level;block(ing)a bank account 冻结(物价、银行账户等)

MINISTER WANTS TWO-YEAR PAY FREEZE 要求工资冻结两年

DRUG PROFITS FROZEN 毒品获利被冻结

gag: censor(ship)，prevent(ion)from speaking 压制(出版、言论)自由

AFRICAN PRESIDENT ACTS TO GAG PRESS 非洲一总统下令新闻自由

gaol: older British spelling for jail jail (监狱)的英式旧拼法

gems: jewels 珠宝

￡2M GEMS STOLEN 价值200万英镑的珠宝被盗

go: resign;be lost, disappear 辞职;丢失，消失

PM TO GO? 首相是否会辞职?

4,000 JOBS TO GO IN NORTH 北部将失去4，000个工作职位

go for: be sold for 以……售出

PICASSO DRAWING GOES FOR ￡5M 毕加索绘画以500万英镑售出

go-ahead: approval 许可，放行信号

SCOTTISH ROAD PLAN GETS Go-AHEAD 苏格兰公路修建计划获得批准

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grab: take violently 攫取，抢去

GERMANS GRAB SHARES IN BRITISH COMPANIE S德国人抢购英国公司的股票

grip: control;hold tighdy 控制;紧握

REBELS TIGHTEN GRIP ON SOUTH 叛军加强对南部的控制

COLD WAVE GRIPS COUNTRY 寒流袭击全国

con: swindle 哄骗

TEENAGERS CON WIDOW OUT OF LIFE SAVINGS 几个少年骗走寡妇一生的积蓄

crackdown: firm application of the law 严格执法，严打

GOVERNMENT PROMISES CRACKIIOWN ON DRUGS DEALERS 承诺严厉打击毒品贩子

crash: financial failure 金融上的破产，暴跌

BANK CRASH THREATENS TO BRING DOWN GOVERNMENT 银行倒闭可能导致下台

curb: restrict;restriction

NEW PRICE cuRBS 物价的新举措

cut: reduce;reduction 削减;压缩

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BRITAIN CUTS OVERSEAS AID 英国削减对外援助

NEW HEALTH SERVICE CUTS 再次压缩公共医疗卫生服务项目

cutback: reduction(usually financial) (常指财政上)减少

TEACHERS SLAM SCHOOL CUTBACKS 教师们抨击削减学校经费

dash: (make)quick joumey 赶赴，飞奔

PM IN DASH TO BLAST HOSPITAL 首相赶赴发生爆炸的医院

deadlock: disagreement that cannot be solved 僵局，停顿

DEADLOCK IN PEACE TALKS 和谈陷入僵局

deal: agreement, bargain 协议，交易

TEACHERS REJECT NEW PAY DEAL 教师们拒绝新的工资协议

demo: demonstration 示威集会

30 ARRESTED IN ANTI-TAX DEMO 30人因参加反税示威而被捕

dole: unemployment pay 失业救济金

DOLE QUEUES LENGTHEN 领失业救济的队伍加长

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loom: threaten to happen 逼近

VAT ON FOOD：NEW ROW LOOMS 食品加收：新争端迫在眉睫

Lords: the House of Lords (in Parliament) (英国)上议院

LORDS VOTE ON DOG REGISTRATION 上院就养犬登记问题进行投票

mar: spoil 损坏，妨害

CROWD VIOLENCE MARS CUP FINAL 球迷发生冲突损害杯赛决战

mercy: intended to save lives 抢救生命，救援

DOCTOR IN MERCY DASH TO EVEREST 医生奔赴埃峰参加救援行动

minion: delegation (official group sent to conference etc) 代表团，访问团

SHOTS FIRED AT UN MISSION 联合国代表团遭到击

mob: angry crowd;organised crime / Mafia (us) 一群暴徒;，(美国英语)黑手党

MOBS RAMPAGE THROUGH CITY STREETS 暴徒横行街市不宁

MOB LEADERS HELD 犯罪集团头目被拘留

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move: step towards a particular result(often political) 步骤，举措

MOVE TO BOOST TRADE LINKS WITH JAPAN 促进对日贸易的举措

MP: Member of Parliament (议会)议员

MP DENIES DRUGS CHARGE 议员否认有关毒品的指控

nail: force somebody to admit the truth 迫使某人承认

MP NAILS MINIsTER ON PIT CLOSURE PLANS 议员逼迫说出煤矿关闭计划

net: win, capture 赢得，获取

TWO SISTERS NET ￡3M IN POOLS WIN 姊妹俩买足球彩票一举赢得300万英镑

odds: chances, probability 机会，可能性

JONES RE-ELECTED AGAINST THE ODDS 琼斯处境不利但仍重新当选

on: about, on the subject of, concerning 关于，在……上面

NEW MOVE ON PENSIONS 养老金发放的新举措

opt: (for)choose 选择

WALES OPTS FOR INDEPENDENCE 威尔士选择

coast: drive out, replace 撵跑，取代

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MODERATES OUSTED IN UNION ELECTIONS 温和派在工会选举中失利

out: to intending to 意欲，一心要

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PM: Pfime Minister 首相

EGG THROWN AT PM 首相挨臭鸡蛋

poll: election;public opinion survey 选举;测验

TORIES AHEAD IN POLLS 测验表明保守党领先

pools: football pools：a form of gambling in which people guess the results of football matches 猜足球赛胜负的，足球彩票

SISTERS SHARE BIG POOLS WIN 姊妹分享足球彩票巨额奖金

premier: head of government 总理, 首脑

GREEK PREMIER TO VISIT UK 希腊总理将访问英国

press: the newspapers 报界，新闻界

BID TO GAG PRESS OVER ElEFENCE SPENDING 阻止报界议论防务支出的一招

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press: (for) urge, encourage, ask for urgently 敦促，竭力劝说

MINISTER PRESSED TO ACTON HOUSING 被迫就住房问题采取行动

OPPOSITION PRESS FOR ENQUIRY ON AIR CRASHES 反对党力主对进行调查

probe: investigation;investigate 调查;研究

CALL FOR STUDENT DRUGS PROBE 要求调查学生吸毒问题

POLICE PROBE RACING SCANDAL 赛马丑闻警方追根

pull out: withdraw;pnII-out withdrawal 撤出，离开

US PLULLS OUT OF ARMS TALKS 美国退出军备问题谈判

CHURCH CALLS FDR BRITISH PUL-OUT FROM UISTER 教会呼吁英国从北爱尔兰撒军

push (for): ask for, encourage 力求取得，奋力争取

SCHOOLS PUSH FOR MORE CASH 学校努力争取更多资金

quake: earthquake 地震

HOUSES DAMAGED IN WELSH QUAKE 威尔士发生地震房屋遭到损坏

quit: resign, leave 辞职，离去

CHURCH LEADER Qurrs 教派首领辞职

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MINISTER TO Qurr GOVERNMENT 一将辞去中的职务

quiz: question (verb) 问，提问(动词)

POLICE QUIZ MILLIONAIRE SUPERMARKET BOSS 警方查问腰缠万贯的超市老板

raid: enter and search;attack noun and verb)，rob, robbery 突然搜查;抢劫

POLICE RAID DUCHESS’S FLAT 警方搜查公爵夫人寓所

BIG GEMS RAID) 大量珠宝被劫

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Seek: look for 寻找

POLICE sEEK WITNESS TO KILLING 警方寻找凶杀案的证人

seize: take (especially in police and customs searches) (尤指与海关部门在检查中)没收，查获

POLICE SEIZE ARMS AFTER CAR CHASE 警车追击截获武器

￡3M DRUGS SEIZED AT AIRPORT 机场截获毒品 价值300万英镑

set to: ready to;about to 作好准备;即将

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INTEREST RATES SET TO RISE利率即将上调

shed: get rid of 弄掉，除去

BRITISH gAIL TO SHED 5，000 JOBS英国铁路系统将裁员5,000

slam: criticise violently严厉批评，抨击

BISHOP SHAMS DEFENCE POLICY主教抨击防务

slash: cut, reduce drastically压缩，大幅度减少

GOVERNNfENT TO SLASH HEALTH EXPENDITURE将大幅度削减公共卫生支出

slate: criticise批评，非难

PM SLATES BISHOP首相批评主教

slay: (US) murder(美国英语)谋杀，杀害

FREEWAY KILLER SLAYS SIX高速公路，一歹徒杀害6人

slemp: fall (economic) (经济方面)跌落，衰退

EXPORTS SLUMP出口回落

CITY FEARS NEW SLUMP本市害怕新的经济衰退

snatch: rob, robbery抢劫

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BIG WAGES SNATCH IN WEST END伦敦西区发生重大抢劫工资案

soar: rise dramatically猛增

IMPORTS SOAR FOR THIRD MONTH连续3个月进13剧增

spark: cause to start引起，导致

REFEREE’S DECISION SPARKS RIOT裁判的决定引起

split: disagree(ment)，意见不一致

CABINET SPLIT ON PRICES POLICY 内阁在物价上意见分歧

spree: wild spending expedition 突击花钱，大肆挥霍

BUS DRIVER SPENDS ￡30,000 IN THREE-DAY CREDIT CARD SPREE 某公交司机持信用卡突击购物3天花掉3万英镑

stake: financial interest 股本，股份

JAPANESE BUY STARE IN BRITISH AIRWAYS 日商购买英航股份

storm: angry public disagreement (政治、社会等方面)风暴，大动荡

STORM OVER NEW STRIKE LAW 新罢工法引起风潮

storm out of: leave angrily 愤怒地冲出

TEACHERS’LEADERS STORM OUT OF MEETING 教师方面的领导人气冲冲地离开

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stun: surprise, shock 使;震惊

JOBLESS FIGURES STUN CITY 失业数字使全市震惊

surge: sudden increase;rise suddenly 突然上升;猛增

SURGE IN JOBLESS FIGURES 失业人数猛增

swap: exchange 交换

HEART SWAP BOY BETTER 接受心脏移植的男孩病情好转

sway: persuade 使倾斜，影响

HOSPITAL PROTEST SWAYS MINISTERS 医院的对们产生影响

switch: to change;a change 改变;变化

DEFENCE POLICY SWITCH 防务上的变化

swoop: to raid;a police raid 搜捕;突然搜查

POLICE IN DAWN SWOOP ON DRUGS GANG 警方清晨搜捕贩毒集团

threat : danger 威胁，危险

TEACHERS’STRIKE THREAT 老师方面发出罢工威胁

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toll: number killed 死亡人数

QUAKE TOLL MAY BE 5,000 地震死亡人数可能升至5，000

top: (adj) senior, most important 地位高的，最重要的

TOP BANKER KIDNAPPED 金融巨头遭绑架

rampage: riot ，

FOOTBALL FANS RAMPAGE THROUGH SEASIDE TOWNS 足球迷遍及海滨城镇

rap: eriticise 批评，抨击

DOCTORS RAP NEW MINISrRY PLANS 医生抨击卫生部的新计划

record: bigger than ever before 创记录的，前所未有的

RECORD LOSS BY INSURANCE FIRM 保险公司遭受创记录的损失

riddle: mystery 神秘，闷葫芦

MISSING ENVOY RIDDLE：WOMAN HELD 使节失踪之谜：女人被扣

rift: division, disagreement ，不和

LABOUR RIFT OVER DEFENCE POLICY 工党在防务上发生

rock: shock, shake 震动，震惊

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BANK SEX SCANDAL ROCKS CITY 银行色情丑闻震惊全市

IRELAND ROCKED BY QUAKE 爱尔兰发生地震

row: noisy disagreement, quarrel 大声吵闹，争吵

NEW ROW OVER PENSION CUTS 削减养老金又起吵闹声

rule out: reject the possibility of 排除……的可能性

PM RULES OUT AUTUMN ELECTION 首相排除秋天大选的可能性

sack: dismiss(M)from job 辞退，解雇

STRIKING POSTMEN FACE SACK 罢工的邮递员面临解雇的危险

saga: long-running news story 连续报导

NEWREveLATIONSINBANK SEX SAGA 银行桃色案冒出新情况

scare: public alarm, alarming rumour 恐慌，惊人的消息

TYPHOID SCARE IN SOUTHWEST 伤寒在西南引起惊恐

scrap: throw out(as useless) 抛弃，扔掉

GOVERNMENT SCRAPS NEW ROAD PLANS 放弃新的筑路计划

SCOTS NATlONALISTS OUT TO CAPTURE MLASS VOTE 苏格兰民族党人决心获得大部分选票

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over: about, on the suhject of, because of 关于，在……问题上，由于

ROW OVER AID CUTS 削减援助而引起的争吵

pact: agreement 协定，条约

DEFENCE PACT RUNS INTO TROUBLE 防务条约遇到麻烦

pay: wages 工资

TRANSPORT PAY TALKS BREAK DOWN 运输业工资谈判中断

PC: police constable 普通警员(英国最低一级的)

PC SHOT IN BANK RAID 银行抢劫案中一警员遭击

peak: high point 高峰，最高点

BANK LENDING HITS NEW PEAK 银行贷款达到新的高峰

peer: lord;Member of the House of Lords (英国)贵族;上院议员

PEERS REJECT GOVERNMENT WAGE-FREEZE PLAN 上院拒绝提出的工资冻结计划

peg: hold(prices etc)at present level 使(物价等)保持目前水平，限定

BANKS PEG INTEREST RATES 银行利率保持不变

peril: danger 危险

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FLOOD PERIL IN THAMES VALLEY 泰晤士河流域出现洪水险情

pit: coal mine 煤矿

THREAT OF MORE PIT CLOSURES 关闭更多煤矿的威胁

plant: factory 工厂

STEEL PLANT BLAZE 钢厂失火

plea: call for help 求援，请求

BIG RESPONSE TO PLEA FOR FLOOD AID 水灾难民求援各方热烈响应

pledge: promise 保证，承诺

GOVERNMENT GIVES PLEDGE ON JOBLESS 就失业问题作出保证

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top: (verb) exceed 超过

IMPORTS TOP LAST YEAR’S FIGURES 进口额超过去年

Tory: Conservative (英国)保守党

VICTORY FOR TORY MODERATES 保守党温和派获胜

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trio: three people 3个人

JAILBREAK TRIO RECAPTURED 越狱3逃犯被抓获

troops: soldiers 士兵，

MORE TROOPS FOR BORDER AREA边境地区增派

UK: The United Kingdom(of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) (大不列颠与北爱尔兰)联合王国

EC CRITICISES UK JAIL CONDITIONS 欧共体批评联合王国的监狱状况

Ulster: Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰

PM IN SECRET TRIP TO ULSTER 首相秘密访问北爱尔兰

UN: The United Nations 联合国

UN IN RED：CANNOT BALANCE BUDGET 联合国陷入赤字：收支无法平衡

urge: encourage 敦促，强烈要求

GOVERNMENT URGED TO ACT ON POLLUTION 公众敦促动手治理污染

US: The United States of America 美国

US URGED TO PULL OUT OF ARMS DEAL 要求美国退出军火买卖

VAT: value added tax

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NEXT, VAT ON BABYFOOD? 下一步。征收要儿食品?

VOW: promise 发誓，声言

EXILED PRESlDENT VOWS TO RETURN 的总统发誓要卷土重来

walk out: leave in protest (为表示而)退席，突然离去

CAR WORKERS WAILK OUT OVER WAGE FREEZE 汽车工人退场以冻结工资

weft: marry 结婚，结合

BISHOP TO VCED ACTRESS 主教将与女演员结为伉俪