2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册unit4知识点分析和练习(无答案)

一、重点短句：

1.argue with =have an argument with与…争吵（辩论） 2.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 （allow doing sth 允许做某事） 3.hang out with sb 和某人出去闲逛 4.too much 太多（修饰不可数名词）；much too 太（修饰形容词或副词，表程度） too many 太多（修饰可数名词）。

5. look through 浏览 6. work out 解决（问题）；改善（状况） 7.give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人 8. have a fight with sb 和某人打架。 9.be still angry with sb 仍生某人的气 10.not a big deal 没什么大不了 11.be good at 擅长… ；be good for 对…有益 ； be good to 对…友好 12.get on with （get along well with sb ）与…相处和睦

13.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 14.instead 代替；反而（instead of ）

15.fell lonely and nervous 感觉孤独和不安 16.offer sb sth /offer sth to sb 自愿给予某人某物 17.after-school classes 课后辅助班 18. be afraid of 害怕；担忧

19.cut out 减少；删除；戒除 20.compare … with … 与…比较 21.push their kids so hard 把孩子逼得太紧 22. compete with sb 给某人压力 23.each other 彼此 24. all kinds of 各种各样 25.development n. 发展 develop v.发展 26. until midnight 直到午夜

developed adj. 发达的 developing adj. 发展中的 27.explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 二、重点句子：

讲一讲1（section A）

1. what’s the matter ? 怎么了？

My brother plays his CDs too loud. 我哥哥放CD太大声。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？

Why don’t you talk to him about it? 你为什么不跟他谈谈这件事？

Maybe you should talk to him about your problems. 或许你应该和他谈谈你的问题。 （1） why don’t you+……? 你为什么不……？ （2） Maybe you should +…… 或许我应该……

2. why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening? 你今天为什么不早点去睡觉？

（1）why don’t you to do sth ? 意为“你为什么不做某事？”与 why not do sth ? 是同义句型。 如：why don’t you stay for supper ? ＝ why not stay for supper? 为什么不留下来吃晚饭呢？

3.I have too much homework so I don’t have any free time to do things I like. 我有太多的家庭作业，所以我没有任何空闲时间来做我喜欢的事情。 （1）so 连词，前后句之间是因果关系。

如：The dog was hungry, so we fed it. 这条狗是饿了，所以我喂它。

（2）too much 太多。修饰不可数名词；如：too much water was wasted. 太多的水被让费。

much too 太，修饰adj或adv原形，表程度；

如：It’s much too cold, we’d better no go out. 天太冷了，我们最好不要出去。

too many 太多，修饰复数名词；如：she has too many tasks to do . 她有许多任务要做。

（3）I like 是定句从句，省略了引导词that, 先行词为things ;

things that I like 我喜欢的事情；表示“……的人或事”。 如：The man who told me this refused to tell me his name. 告诉我这件事的人拒绝告诉我他的名字。

4. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。

（1）allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事；allow doing sth 允许做某事。be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 如：The teacher doesn’t allow me to use the telephone. 老师不允许我使用手机。 The teacher allow using the calculator. 老师允许使用计算器。 He is allowed to stay out . 他被允许待在外面。 （2）hang out with sb 跟某人出去闲逛。（＝hang about=hang around） 如：he often hangs out with my brother. 他常常跟我的哥哥出去闲逛。 She often hangs out in the supermarket. 她经常逛超市。 [拓展] hang on 不挂断；稍等片刻 ； hang up 挂断（电话） 5. I’m really tired because I studied until midnight last night. 我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学到半夜。

（1）because 连词，引导原因状语从句。Because与so 不能同时使用。

如：He will sell his house because he needs money. 因为他需要钱，所以将出售他的房子。 （2）until 意为“直到……”； not … until … 意为“直到……才”。

如：I kept doing my homework until my mom came back. 我做作业一直做到我妈妈回来。 He didn’t stop talking until the teacher walked into the classroom. 直到老师走进教室他才闭嘴。

练一练1

1.完成以下对话：

A：what’s the wrong?

B: My parents want me to at home every night. A: what should you do ?

B: ( 你为什么不跟你的父母谈谈这件事呢？) A: you should to your parents your ploblem. 2. why don’t you look for a new job?

（转换为同义句） 3. There are no buses, you’ll have to walk. A. so B. or C. but D. for 4. it ‘ s rain，I didn’t come back

A. so B. because C. although D. however 5. we both work to do.

A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too 6.she spent money on clothes.

A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too 7. I am afraid that this cap is big for me.

A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too 8.they bought eggs yesterday.

A. much too B. too much C. too many D. many too

9.this is the photo I took.

A. who B. that C. which D. what

10.The teacher didn’t us play computer games.

A. allow; to B.allowed ; to C. allow; with D. allowed; with 11.mom didn’t allow others homework. A. copied B. copying C. copy

12. girl students in some schools are not allowed long hair. A. having B. have C.had D. to have 13. 我正在街上和琳达闲逛。

I’m with LinDa in the street. 14. 因为他妈妈病了，所以他从上海回来。

He came back from shanghai his mom was sick. 15.he was watching TV half past eleven last night. A. when B. after C. until D. while

16. he clean up his bedroom mom came back.

A. not ; until B. didn’t ; until C. haven’t ; until D. hadn’t ; until

讲一讲2

1. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone . 我不想在电话上谈论这件事。 （1）talk about : 谈话；交谈；讨论。talk to / with sb 与某人交谈。

We are talking about the problem of pollution, but we don’t want to talk to him . 我们正在讨论污染问题，但不想和他交谈。 （2）on the phone : 在电话中；在通话中。

如：Look! Miss White is talking on the phone now. 瞧！怀特小姐正在打电话。

2. Well, you should call him so that you can say you are sorry. 你应该给他打电话，为的是你可以道歉。 （1）call sb 给某人打电话。

（2）so that（＝in order that ） 连词，意为“为的是；以便”，引导目的状语从句。 它们可以与 in order to 进行同义转换。 如：I ran fast so that I could catch the train.

＝ I ran fast in order that I could catch the train. 我跑得很快，以便我能赶上火车。 ＝ I ran fast in order to catch the train. 为了赶上火车，我跑得很快。

3. I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 昨天我发现我姐姐正在翻阅我的东西。 （1）look through 意为“浏览；翻阅”。

如：I looked through the notes before the exam. 我考试前浏览了下笔记。

[拓展] look for 寻找 look forward to 期待；期望 look around 向四周看 look after 照顾 4.yes , but I’m still angry with her . 是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。 （1）be angry with sb 意为“生某人的气”。

The teacher was very angry with us , because we didn’t finish doing homework. 因为我们没有完成作业，老师非常生我们的气。 （2）be angry at / about sth 意为“对某事感到生气”。

Don’t be angry at what I’ve done. 别因我所做的事而生气。

5. Although she’ wrong , it’s not a big deal. 尽管她错了，但那并没什么大不了。

（1）although 意为“尽管；即使”，引导让步状语从句。

如：Although he’s nearly fifty, he can still play tennis very well. 尽管他已年近五十， 可是他网球还是打得很好。

（2）not a big deal ＝no big deal 原意为“不是一件重要的事情或状况”；这里翻译为“没什么大不了”。 如：Although he is angry very much , it is no big deal. 尽管他很生气，但没什么大不了。

练一练2

1. 我们正在谈论新的数学老师。

We are the new math teacher. 2. she was her neighbour.

A. talking B. talking to C. talking about C. talk about

3. Maybe you should call him up . ---but I don’t want to talk with him the phone. A. on B. at C. in D. with 4. 我会打电话给他，叫他过来

I will , tell him to come. 5. Bring it closer I may see it better.

A. so that B. in order to C. as soon as D. until

6. 这个小男孩节省了一些钱以便在星期天给他的母亲买一件礼物。

The little boy saved some money he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day.

= The little boy some money he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day. = The little boy some money buy his mother a present on Mother's day. 7. Again and again the teacher the book , but he couldn’t find out what was wrong . A. looked over B. looked through C. looked after D. looked out 8. 在考试前他一遍又遍浏览笔记。

Again and again he the notes before the exam. 9. Li Ping was very angry us small things.

A. to ; of B. with ; of C. to ; about D. with ; about 10. she was he is wrong.

A. angry ; with B. angry ; to C. angry ; at D. angry ; in 11. Frank lives a simple life he has lots of money. A. although B. because C. so D. if

12. I don’t have any friends at my new school, what should I do ? -- you don’t have any now , you’ll soon make some. A. because B. although C. though D. so that 13. he is wrong , (没什么大不了的)

讲一讲3

1. Hope things work out 希望事情能顺利发展。 （1）work out :

① 表示“结果发展顺利或成功”，不带宾语。如：my career work out . 我的事业发展顺利。 ② 表示“计算出”，尤指答案、数量、数值等。

如： I can work out the math problem. 我算出这个数学问题。

2. my problem is that I can’t get on with my family. 我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相处。

（1）get on with sb（＝get along well with sb ）：意为“与某人和睦相处；关系良好”。 如：they got on well with their classmates. 他们和同学们相处得很好。 = they got along well with their classmates.

3. when they argue , it’s like a big , black cloud hanging over our home. 当他们争吵的时候，就像有一团巨大的乌云笼罩在我们家的上方。 （1）argue 意为“争吵；争论；争辩”。常用短句： ① argue with sb 意为“与某人争论”。

如：Don’t argue with your parents. 不要和你的父母争论。

② argue about / over sth 意为“因某事争论”。

如：they are always arguing about money. 他们总是为钱争吵。

（2）hang over 意为“挂在……上；笼罩”。

如：The danger of war hung over Europe. 战争的危机笼罩在欧洲上空。 4. I don’t think this is fair 我觉得这不公平。

（1）think 否定前移；类似情况的单词有：believe expect。

如：I don’t believe this kind of flower grows here. 我认为这种花不是长在这里。 （2）fair 意为“公正的”；反义词为：unfair ；fairness n.公正性。 如：It is unfair for you to do like this , everyone need fairness. 像这样做对你是不公正的，每个人都需要公正。 5. if your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有困难，你应该提供帮助。

（1）offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 提供给某人某物。

如：he offered me a glass of wine = he offered a glass of wine to me. 他端给我一杯酒。 [拓展] provide sb with sth ＝ provide sth for sb 意为“为某人提供某物”

如：he provided me with a book = he provided a book for me 他为我提供了一本书

练一练3

1. I believe that you can this problem by yourself.

A. work out B. take out C. turn out D. run out 2. I hope that what I do A. take out B . run out C. work out D. go out

3. don’t worry ! I’m sure you’ll your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them. A. catch up with B. get on well with C. agree with D. be strict with 4. Do you get on well with your boss? （同义转换） 5. I’m going to you tonight. I want to have a rest.

A. agree with B. strict with C. argue with D. get on with 6. 等他冷静下来再跟他争论。

Don’t try to him until he’s cooled down. 7. 我父母总是因我的成绩而争吵。

my parents are always my score. 8. it will rain , because a black cloud the sky.

A. hang out B. hang with C. hang over D. hang about 9. she doesn’t do well in Chinese, I think. （同义句转换） I think she well in Chinese.

10. 我相信他不能赶上其他的同学。

I he can catch up with other classmates.

11. The new tax law was (fair), all of us need . (fair) (适当形式填空) 12. 酒店给我们提供食物和饮料。

The hotel us food and drinks ＝ The hotel food and drinks 13. he me a cup of tea

A. offered ; with B. provided ; with C. offered ; to D. provided ; to 14. LinLin a tennis me.

A. offered; with B. offered; to C. provided ; with D. provided; to

讲一讲4

1. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我喜欢的电视节目。 （1）refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事。

如：he refused to tell me his name. 他拒绝告诉我他的名字。

2. instead或instead of

（1）instead意为“代替”“替代”，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开。

instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。

如：She didn't answer me; instead, she asked me another question. 她没有回答我，反而问了我另外一个问题。

（2）instead of是介宾短语，其意与instead相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾语。 如：1.We'll ask Li Mei instead of Mary. 我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽。 2. I’ll go instead of her. 我会替她去。 （3）instead 与instead of的转换。

例如: 1.He didn't answer me, instead, he asked me another question

→ He asked me another question instead of answering me. 她没有回答我，反而问了我另外一个问题。

2. I’ll go instead of her.→She won't go. I’ll go instead 我会替她去。

3. elder 与 older 区别

（1）elder 表示“年纪较长的”，通常作定语。

如：my elder brother is 45 years old this year. 我大哥今年45岁。 （2）older 表示“更年长的”， 通常作表语。

如：she is two years older than me . 她比我大两岁。 eg：My elder brother is 1 year older than me. 4. give sth back to sb 把某物还给某人

如：Xiaoming gave the story book back to me. 小明把故事书还给了我。 5. I always feel lonely and nervous. 我总是感到孤独和不安。 Nervous ：焦虑；不安

练一练4

1. when I got into trouble. He help me.

A. refused to B. want C. refuse to D. like to 2.用instead或instead of填空。

（1）Dave went cycling_______________going skating.

（2）My brother isn't good at math__________,he is good at English. （3） Mr. Zhang likes reading newspapers___________,books. （4）l like reading in the library____________in the classroom.

（5） Yesterday John____________Mr. Zhang gave us talk on American history. 3. --- Is Lucy or Lily the of the twins? --- Lucy . She was born half an hour earlier.

A. younger B. youngest C. elder D. eldest

4. your sister like seem is than you. （old的适当形式填空） 5. My younger son is five and my son is nine。 A. elder B. older C. old D. eldest 6. My younger son is five and my son is nine。 A. older B. elder C. old D. eldest 7. Tom is two years than I A. older B. elder C. old D. eldest 8. 我希望他不久把我的钱还给我。

He will soon my money me, I hope. 9. he computer me yesterday.

A. gave ; back to B. give ; back to C. gave; to D. give ; to 10. Tom is often （焦虑）before having an exam.

讲一讲5 （section B）

1. I don’t get enough sleep. 我没有得到充足的睡眠。 （1）enough 用法： 两种情形 Enough 作形容词，修饰名词时 Enough的位置 多位于名词前 例句 Enough money ; enough water Enough 作副词，修饰形容词或副词时 位于形容词或副词之后 Carful enough ; big enough 如：we still have enough time 我们还有足够的时间。

The man is not carful enough. 那个男人不够认真。 2. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人都在做运动，为的是他们能够参加比赛并获胜。 （1）compete 意为“竞争；比赛”。其名词形式为：competition 意为“比赛；竞赛”。 如：we can compete with the best teams . 我们能与最好的队竞争。

The company faces tough competition . 这家公司面临着艰难的竞争。 3. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities. 或许我可以删去他们的一些活动。 （1）cut out 意为“删除；删去”。

如：I cut out a few words in this article. 我删除了这篇文章中的几个字。 [拓展] cut up 切碎 cut down 砍伐 cut off 切断

4. And they are always comparing them with other children. 他们总是拿他们和其他孩子做比较。 （1）be always doing sth 意为“总是做某事”，该结构可以表达说话人的某种情绪：赞扬、批评等。 如：Tom is always working hard. Tom 总是工作很努力。 （2）compare … with … 意为“把……与……相比”。

如：his family is rich . we can’t compare our family with his. 他家很富，我们家不能与他家相比。

5. People shouldn’t push their kids so hard. 人们不应该对自己的孩子逼得太紧。

（1）push 推；督促； push sb so hard. 对某人逼得太紧。

如：you shouldn’t push him so hard . 你不应该对他逼得太紧。

6. they have to takes so many after-school classes. 他们不得不参加许多的课外辅导班。 （1）after-school class. 课外辅导班。

如：he must take after-school class every weekend. 他每个周末必须参加课外辅导班。 （2）explain sth to sb 向某人解释某事。

如：they explain the rules of the game to me. 他向我解释游戏的规则。

练一练5

1. Oh , look at the hall . It’s to hold hundreds of people . A. tall enough B. big enough C. too tall D. too big 2. I have to buy a color TV set .

A. many money B. enough money C. money many D. money enough 3. we must （竞争） for study in school so that we can face brutal（残酷的） （竞争）in big exam. 4. you can the unimportant details.

A. cut off B. cut out C. cut in D. cut up 5. 我删减了一些体育活动项目。

I some sport actives. 6. could you the banana ?

A. cut ; off B. cut ; out C. cut; in D. cut ; up 7. 他们总是发出很大的噪音。

They are loud noise. 8. 你总是犯愚蠢的错误。

You are stupid mistakes.

9. I the copy with the original, but there was not much difference. A. predicted B.compared C. made D. improved 10. 在学习上我不能与你相比。

I can’t you about study. 11. 你不应该把你的孩子逼得太紧。

You shouldn’t your children 。 12. 在星期五晚上，我需要参加课外辅导班。

I need to on Friday night. 13. --I don't understand this homework .

-- can you it me?

A. explain ; for B. explain ; to C. explain ; at D. explain ; in 14. 你应该向我解释刚才发生了什么。

you should what happened me just now.