u3-ti-仁爱九年级英语重点短语、句子汇总及语法精粹

Unit 3 English Throughout the World

Topic 1 English is used more and more widely around the world.

Ⅰ. 重点短语（词组）

（SA） 1. stick sth. on the wall 把某物粘在墙上 2. cartoon character 动画主角，卡通人物 3. one day 有朝一日，总有一天 4. millions of 数百万的 5.（1）be ready for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事准备好，做好准备（2）be ready to do sth. 准备好去做某事 （3）get ready for (doing) sth. = prepare for (doing) sth. 为(做)某事做准备 6. can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地(想做)某事 *7. wait for 等候，等待; wait a moment/minute 稍等，等一会; can't wait 等不及; wait and see 等着瞧; can't wait for sth. 迫不及待地想要某物 8. be spoken as ... 被作为……来说 9. all over/around/throughout the world 全世界 10. have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 11. practice/practise (doing) sth. 练习(做)某事 12. from now on 从今以后 (用于将来时) from then on = since then 从那以后(用于过去时) [链接] from today on 从今天起；from that day on 从那天起 13. be pleased with... 对……感到高兴/满意 be pleased to do sth. 高兴/乐于做某事 （SB） 14. (have a) talk with sb. 与某人交谈 15. pack one's bag 包袋 16. go on business 去出差 *17. get out of business 停业(尤指倒闭)，歇业 18. be similar to 与……相似，与……相像 19. in general = generally speaking 总的来说，通常，大体上 20. have (no) trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事(没有)麻烦/困难 *21. get sb. into trouble 给某人惹来麻烦 注：带“*”为拓展。

look for trouble 自寻麻烦 22. be used as 被用作…… 23. once in a while=sometimes=at times 有时,偶尔 24. translate/put ... into ... 把……翻译成…… 25. divide ... into ... 把……分成 *26. besides = in addition 此外（还有） （SC） 27. the number of ……的数目 （后接复数名词，但此结构作主语时谓语用单数） 28. recent studies 近来的研究 29. be learned as 被作为……学习 30. at international conferences 在国际会议上 31. play a/an ... part/role (in)... 扮演一个……的角色; 起……作用; 有……影响 31. the back of ……的背后/面 33. in public places 在公共场所 34. at an English corner 在英语角 35. be on = be shown = put on 上映;上演 36. read in English 用英语阅读 （SD） 37. powerful country 强国 38. Internet industry 网络产业 39. take the leading position 占据领先地位 40. make great progress in ... 在……方面取得很大进步 41. be required to do sth. 被要求做某事 42. regard ... as ... 将……认为，把……看/当作 43. mother tongue 母语 44. official language 官方语言 Ⅱ.单词解析

1、position ⑴名词：地位、位置。例：Plant the flowers in a sunny position. ⑵动词：安置。例：She quickly positioned herself behind the desk.

2、the number of 与 a number of 的区别：

（1）the number of 意为“……的数量”，与可数名词的复数形式连用作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如： The number of the boys in our class is twenty. 我们班有二十个男生。China has the largest number of population. 中国是人

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口最多的国家。

（2）a number of 意为“许多，若干”，用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，等于many。number 前可用 large，great，small 等词修饰，以表示程度。e.g. A number of students are from China. 许多同学来自中国。 3、stick

（1）stick v. 粘住。如：Please stick this map of China on the wall. 请把这张中国地图粘在粘在墙上。 （2）stick n. 木棒，枝条。如：Please tie the tree to stick. 请把这棵树和木棒拴在一起。

（3）stick to sth. 坚持、坚守某种观点、主张或真理。如：We should stick to principles in some things. 有一些事情上我们应该坚持原则。

（4）stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事。如：He sticks to speaking English every day. 他坚持每天说英语。

Ⅲ. 重点句子

1. You can stick it on the wall in your room. 你可以把它粘在你房间的墙上。 2. I will be able to see more cartoon characters. 我能够看到更多卡通主角。

3. Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. 世界上数百万的人都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。

4. I hope I can go there one day/someday/some day. 我希望有朝一日能去那儿。 5. Are you ready for your trip? 你为旅行准备好了吗？ 6. I can't wait to fly there. 我迫不及待地想飞到那儿！

7. You'll have a good chance to practice English there. 在那儿你将有很好的机会练习英语。 8. Try your best and work much harder from now on. 从今以后你要尽最大努力去学习。

9. At last，he was pleased with one of his pictures of the mouse. 最后，他对他画的老鼠图片中一幅画感到满意。

10. I'm going to Cuba on business. 我要去古巴做生意。 11. Is Spanish similar to English? 西班牙语与英语相似吗？

12. Is it possible that you will have any trouble? 你有可能会有一些麻烦吗？

（1）It is possible that + 从句，……有可能……。如:It is possible that he'll be back next month. 他有可能下个月会回来。

（2）It is possible （for sb.）to do sth. （对于某人来说）做某事是可能的。如：

It is possible for us to finish this work in two days. 对于我们来说，两天内完成这项工作是可能的。 13. In general，he has no trouble understanding people from different countries，because most of them can speak English. 总的来说，他能亳不费力地与来自不同国家的人交流，因为他们大多数会说英语。 [链接] （1）have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难。如：

I have some difficulty (in) working out this math problem. 我做这道数学题有些困难。

{这里的 trouble 为名词，还可构成短语：get out of trouble 摆脱困境; look for trouble 自寻烦恼; in trouble 在困境中; get sb. into trouble 给某人惹麻烦}

（2）trouble v. 使忧虑;麻烦(某人)，给(某人)添麻烦。如：⑴ It troubles me that I haven't heard from her recently.

最近没有收到她的信，我很担心。⑵ I will not trouble you again. 我不会再给你添麻烦。 14. English is most widely spoken language throughout the world. 英语是全世界使用最广泛的语言。

15. Once in a while，Jane's father has to travel to a country where English is not spoken. Whenever that happens，an interpreter helps him. 有时候，简的爸爸不得不去一个非英语的国家。每当这种情况出现时，都会有翻译帮助他。

[链接] （1）once in a while 偶尔，有时候。in a while 一会儿，多用于是一般将来时。for a while 一会儿，表示一段时间。如：I'll be back in a while. 我一会儿就回来。 They chatted for a while on the Internet. 他们在网上聊了一会儿。

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（2）whatever = no matter what 无论什么，如何 wherever = no matter where 在任何地方 whoever = no matter who 无论谁，任何人 however = no matter how 无论怎样 16. The interpreter translates the language and explains the culture of the country to him. 翻译给他翻译语言，并解释这个国家的文化。

18. About 300 million people speak English as their second language. 约三亿人将英语作为他们的第二语言。

19. English is also widely used by the world's airlines end in international business.

英语也被广泛用于全球航空公司在国际商业。

20. And two thirds of the world's scientists read in English. 世界上三分之二的科学家用英语阅读。

[链接] （1）表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，作分母的序数词须用复数形式。如：

one fifth 五分之一 three fifths 五分之三 [注意] 部分特殊表达：one/a half 二分之一 a quarter/one fourth 四分之一

（2）分数后可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词，此结构作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：

One third of the students have failed in the English exam. 三分之一的学生英语考试不及格。

Look at the map. Two thirds of the land is covered with water. 看地图，陆地的三分之二被水覆盖着。 20. The English language plays an important part in our lives. 英语这种语言在我们的生活中起着重要作用。

[链接] play an important part in ... 在……中起重要作用

21. Now，... the study of English is regarded as a very important industry in China as well as in the rest of the world. 现在，……无论在中国还是在世界上的其他国家，英语学习被认为是一项非常重要的产业。 （1）regard ... as ... 将……认为……;把……当/看作……。同义结构的还有 look on ... as ... ，consider ... as ... 。如：

They regarded their pets as members of their families. 他们把宠物当作他们的家庭成员。

My students look on/consider me as their best friend. 我的学生们把我当作他们最好的朋友。

Ⅳ. 语法精粹——被动语态（总）

一、动词的语态

英语中，动词的语态是动词的一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者，主语与谓语为主动关系，则谓语动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的对象（也叫承受者），主语与谓语为被动关系，则谓语动词用被动语态。如：

Many people speake English．许多人讲英语。

（主语“许多人”是“讲”这一动作的执行者，是主动句，谓语动词用主动语态来表示。） English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人讲。

（主语“英语”是“讲”这一动作的承受者，是被动句，谓语动词用被动语态来表示。） 二、被动语态的构成及用法 1、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时相同。变成一般疑问句时将助动词be提前，变否定句时在助动词be后加not。如：

The book is written by John. 这本书是约翰写的。Is the book written by John？这本书是约翰写的吗？ The book isn’t written by John. 这本书不是约翰写的。 各种时态的主动、被动语态枸杞具体如下表所示： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 例 句 主动语态 源-于-网-络-收-集

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一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时 do/dose did am/is/are+doing have/has + done will/shall/be going to + do was/were+doing had/done would/should/be going to + do am/is/are + done was/were+ done am/is/are+being done have/has + been done will/shall/be going to + be done was/were+being done had + been done We clean the classroom. He made the kite. She is watering flowers. Jim has finished the work. The classroom is cleaned by us. The kite was made by him. Flowers are being watered by her. The work has been finished by Jim. They will plant trees Trees will be planted by them tomorrow. tomorrow. She was writing a letter A letter was being written by her time this time yesterday. yesterday. Jim had finished the work. The work had been finished by Jim. would/should/be He said he would make a He said a kite would be made by him. going to + be done kite. can/may/must 含有情态动词 can/may/must+do I can find him. He can be found by me. +be+done 2、被动语态的用法

在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：

（1）不知道动物的执行者是谁。如：This watch is made in China. 这块表是中国制造的。

（2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：More trees must be planted every year. 每年都应该种更多的树。

（3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如：

Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。（强调汉语的使用广泛）

（4）句子的主语是动作的承受者。如：Many houses were washed away in the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。

二、特殊类型的语态转换

主动语态变被动语态的方法：

主动语态：动作的执行者 + 谓语动词的主动形式 + 动作的承受者

被动语态：动作的承受者 + 谓语动词的过去分词 + by + 动作的执行者 如： People speak English in many countries.

English is spoken by people in many countries. 1、主动语态卑微被动语态

（1）要要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾语变成主格。

（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变成宾格，并由 by 引导。 （3）谓语动词变声相应的被动形式。如：We asked him to sing an English song. → He was asked to sing an English

song.

2、含双宾语的主动句变被动句

常把间接宾语变为主语，而直接宾语仍然放在动词后面不变;若将直接宾语转换成主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词 to (在 send，pass，write，give，show，bring等动词后) 或 for (在 buy，cook，make，order，choose 等动词后) 如：

→ I was given a book. (间接宾语 me 变为主语)

She gave me a book.

→ A book was given to me. (直接宾语 a book 变为主语) 3、短语动词变为被动语态

许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。但是短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。 如：

We should speak to old men politely. → Old men should be spoken to politely.

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4、带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态

宾语加上宾语补足语（宾被）一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。 如：I heard Jane playing the piano in her room. → Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.

5、被动语态后动词形式的选择

主动句中在感官动词 see，hear，watch，feel，notice 等及使役动词 let，make，have 等后跟省略 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符号 to (let 除外)。 如： He makes the girl stay at home. → The girl is made to stay at home. Last Sunday we heard them sing Beijing Opera in the theatre.

→ They were heard to sing Beijing Opera in the theatre last Sunday.

I helped my mother do housework that day. → My mother was helped to do housework by me that day. 三、被动语态的特殊用法 1、主动结构表被动意义

（1）open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，burn，drive 等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动动语态表示被动意义。如：

This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种笔写起来很流畅。This kind of shirt sells well here. 这里款式的衬衫在这里很好卖。

（2）look，sound，taste，smell，feel 等连系动词用主动结构表示被动意义。如：

Uniforms look ugly on us. 我们穿着制服很难看。 Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼很好吃。

（3）在 be worth doing 中，doing 表示被动意义。如：This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 （4）want/need/require + doing 相当于 want/need/require + to be done(物作主语)。to be done 表示不定式的被动语态。如：My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。 *2、不用被动语态的情况

（1）主动句的宾语是 each other 或反身代词时，不能用于被动语态。如：

（正）The man introduced himself as Mr White. (主动语态) 那个人自我介绍说他是怀特先生。 （误）Himself was introduced as Mr White.

（正）They help each other study English. (主动语态) 他们互相帮助学习英语。 （误）Each other is helped study English.

（2）当主动句的谓语动词是表示状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。如： （正）We will have a meeting. (主动语态) 我们将要开一个会。

（误）A meeting will be had by us. {注意：hold a meeting 可用于被动语态 be held} (类似的词还有：suit，fit，cost 等)

（3）主动句的宾语是不定式或 doing 时，不能用作被动语态的主语。如： （正）My brother enjoys watching TV. (主动语态) 我弟弟喜欢看电视。（误）Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.

（正）He asked to have a try. (主动语态) 他请求试一试。（误）To have a try was asked. 3、被动语态和系表结构的区别

（1）被动语态表示以主语承受者的动作，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如： The shop is closed at 9. 00 p.m. （动作） 这家商店晚上九点钟关门。 The shop is closed today. （状态） 这家商店今天不开门。

（2）系表结构中的过去分词常有固定的介词搭配，被动语态中则没有。如： Miss Wang is satisfied with us. （系表结构） 王老师对我们很满意。 （3）系表结构中的过去分词可以被副词修饰。如：

She's so worried about her exams. （系表结构） 她非常担心她的考试。

（4）系表结构通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而被动语态结构则可用于多种时态。

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