大学英语四

0493《大学英语（四）》2016年6-7月期末考试指导

三、重点复习内容

（一）重点知识

1、读题，理解题目的真正意图，再做出相应回答。 1. --- Would you be able to go to the party? ---______.

A. I don't expect B. I'm afraid not C. I don't think so D. I believe not 本题中问，“你能来聚会么？”回答选项中A说我不期望，B说我恐怕不行，C说我不这么认为，D说我不相信。所以很明显B的回答符合题意。 2. --- Do you mind if I switch off the radio? --- ___________. Go ahead.

A. Never mind B. No way C. No, not at all D. No, you'd better not

本题中问句为你介意我换个频道么？回答中看后面的部分，意思是换吧。所以很明显前边应该说说不介意的意思。这里B和D都明显不符合题意，有迷惑的是A，别担心，一般来说，never mind 一般用于安慰别人，别担心的意思，或者不用管某人，或者是算了吧这些用法。C和A比较起来，C更符合题意，不介意，一点儿也不介意。所以应该选C。 又如：

—How often do you go dancing? — ____________

A. I will go dancing tomorrow. B. Yesterday.

C. Every other day. D. I’ve been dancing for a year. 问题是你多久跳次舞？回答中只有C才说明了频率，是符合题意的。

3、在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗，即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜，因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向。对于别人给予自己的帮助，要表示感谢。 -- I've heard that you are going to Thailand? --- Yes, I'll leave on Sunday. ---That's great! _______ --- Thank you!

A. Have a nice journey! B. Watch out! C. How are you! D. You are so smart! 解析：这里听说对方去泰国，要表示祝福，所以空格处应该选择A，祝旅途愉快。 又如：

---If you need me, jut let me know. ---I will,___________.

A. that's all right B. thank you C. all right D. not at all

题目中说如果你需要我，告诉我一声。回答是好的，或者是我会的，所以后面跟得肯定是表示感谢的话，谢谢。所以选B。

--- Well done, Jim. You did very well in the high jump. --- _________.

A. I'm glad to hear that B. That's right. C. Thank you D. The same to you 提干中意思是“真棒，吉姆，你跳高跳得真棒。”，听到别人的赞美，一般要说谢谢。所以回

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答应该选C。

4、在做题的过程中，也可以用排除法

例：--- Can I borrow your digital camera for a couple of days? ---

A. Yes, you may not borrow. B. Yes, go on.

C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey. D. It doesn't matter.

解析：你能把数码相机借我几天吗？回答A 本身的句子就是错的，不考虑。B，是的，继续。C 当然可以，给你，旅途愉快。D 没关系。 很明显选C 如：--- Don't make faces in class. --- _____________.

A. Sorry, I won't do it again B. Certainly, I will C. That's OK D. Excuse me, I am wrong

题目中说不要在班上做鬼脸，那么回答A为对不起，我不再做了。很符合题意，所以选A。可以看看其他的选项，B上来说是当然了，肯定不符合题意。C与B相近，不符合题意。D表达了是自己错的意思，但是没有A合适。况且D中开始用Excuse me，这个比道歉语气可弱多了，更多的是打扰了。所以本题选A.

（二）重点语法 1、将来完成时是用在表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time短语引导的现在时的从句连用。 By the end of the month he will have been living here for ten years．

到了月底他在这里居住就满十年了。 又如：

By the time he arrives in Beijing, we l have stayed here for two days. 等他到北京的时候，我们已经在这儿呆两天了。 2、there be句型

There be 句型是英语中常用句型， 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词“那里”的含义

There are some sharks.

这有鲨鱼。

有些句子看着比较复杂，实际分析起来可能很简单，比如

There are many copper mines in the state of Arizona, a fact which contributes significantly to the state's economy.

上面的句子，虽然可能有些单词不那么常见，但是前半部分一看就应该是个there be句型，就是在Arizona这个地方有很多的铜矿，你不知道地点没关系，不认识copper mines也没关系，都不影响句子结构。 3、被动语态

如果主语与谓语动词表示被动的关系，要用被动语态。

She was angry at not being told the truth. 每人告诉她，她很生气。 （三）重点词汇：

1、no sooner… than, 一……就……，引导时间状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句可用一般过去时，no sooner后是主句，常放到句首，表示强调，这时主句要倒装，than 后面是从句。

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如：No sooner had I closed the door than somebody started knocking on it. 我刚一关上门，就有人开始敲门。

2、disappointment 失望

To his great disappointment, his son failed to pass the examination again. 让他非常失望的是他儿子又没通过考试。 3、impatient 不耐烦的

He is impatient as the first hour passes and then another. 一个小时、两个小时过去了，他不耐烦了。 4、promotion 提升，促进

Consider changing jobs or trying for promotion. 考虑换个工作或者争取升职 5、appreciate 感激，欣赏

What we would like you to know is that we greatly appreciate your timely help. 我们想让您知道我们非常感谢您的及时相助。 6、demonstrate 证明，论证，说明

The study also demonstrated a direct link between obesity and mortality.

该研究还表明了肥胖症和死亡率之间存在直接的联系。 7、likely 可能的

The team is likely to meet the storm on their way back to the camp. 队伍中返回营地的途中很可能会遇到暴风雨。 8、alike 相似的，同样的 We looked very alike. 我们长得很像。

9、做词汇与结构题目的时候，有时自己不确定的题目，也可以用排除法。 比如：

unstable and explodes as a supernova is not known. A. For a star to become B. How a star becomes C. A star becomes D. That a star is becoming

这个题目里，如果看句子，可能有些词你不太懂，没有关系，看出主要的结构就行，也就是说什么什么还不为人所知。Sth. Is not known.所以看选项，一颗星星如何变成什么什么，这个明显更符合题意。所以直接选B。 10、in time 及时

I hope you'll remit me the money in time. 我希望你能及时把钱汇寄给我。 11、in advance 提前

Please send your luggage to the station a quarter of an hour 12、in charge 主管，负责

He is in charge of the school work. 他负责学校工作。

13、be patient of sth容忍某物；be patient to do sth有耐心干某事；

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We also urge fans to be patient to allow the negotiations to take its course. 我们也迫切希望球迷们能够耐心的让谈判能够进行下去. You should learn to be patient of pains. 你应该学会忍受痛苦.

14、be patient with对（某人）有耐心

You should have been more patient with that customer；I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.

你应该对那个顾客更耐心一些，我确信有可能把表卖给他。 15、anticipate 预测，预知

At the time we couldn't have anticipated the result of our campaigning. 那时我们不可能预料到我们这项运动的结果。 14、improve 提高，改善

Both the texture and condition of your hair should improve. 你头发的发质与健康状况都应改善。

16、hardly 几乎不，刚刚，置于句首时，句子要到装； Hardly have I heard from him recently. 我最近几乎都没他的消息。 Hardly had he finished his speech when the audience started cheering. 他刚刚结束演讲，观众们就开始欢呼了。 17、a pair of shoes 一双鞋子 18、for 为（某人或某事）

Could you do something for me, please? 请问你能帮我个忙么？ 19、had better 最好做某事

You'd better go quickly before I change my mind. 趁着我还没有改变主意，你最好赶快走吧。 20、the more, the more句型，越……，就越…… The more I study, the less I seem to learn. 我读的书越多，好像学到的东西越少。 21、 the end of 在……结束的时

Jane moved to New York at the end of last month. 简上个月底搬到纽约去了。

模拟试卷： 第一部分：交际用语

此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

1. --- Well done, Jim. You did very well in the high jump. --- _________.

A. I'm glad to hear that B. That's right. C. Thank you D. The same to you

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2. ---Will you please give the note to him? --- ______________.

A. Certainly, I'll give it to him B. No, please not C. Sorry, I don't D. Yes, please do

3. ---Can I get you a cup of tea? ---___________.

A. That's very kind of you B. With pleasure C. You can, please D. Thank you for the tea

4. ---Thank you ever so much for the coat you bought me. ---___________.

A. No thanks B. I'm glad you like it C. Please don't say so D. No, it's not so good

5. ---If you need me, jut let me know. ---I will,___________.

A. that's all right B. thank you C. all right D. not at all 第二部分：阅读理解 此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。请从每个问题后的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。

Passage 1

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.

We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.

Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as \"That was a very clever thing you did.\" or \"You are such a smart child.\"

6. The word \"intelligent\" in the 1st paragraph probably mean bright. A.T B. F

7. According to the context we can guess that a genius is a normal person while an idiot is a funny person.

A.T B. F

8. A person born with a good brain and putting it into active use is more likely to become a genius. A.T B. F

9. It is better for parents to praise and encourage their children more often. A.T B. F

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10. Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.

Passage 2

Our child's behavior is greatly influenced by the way we react to what he has done. Our reactions help to determine whether our child will repeat his behavior or whether he will do something different. This statement is a very important part of a principle of behavioral psychology.

The principle states that a behavior is influenced or affected by how the environment ---- people, places and things ---- immediately responds to the behavior. Perhaps without realizing it, you have used this principle many times.

On the occasion when you told your child what a good boy he was after he cleaned up his room, you used the principle. When you sent your child to his room for fighting with his brother, you used the principle. When I gave Kim a cookie after she started to cry, I used the principle. In each of these examples, a particular behavior occurred first ---- cleaning up a room, fighting, and crying.

In addition, there was a reaction to each behavior ---- the child was praised, sent to his room, or given a cookie. By these actions, we have influenced the previous behaviors and have helped to determine whether those behaviors will occur again in the future. 11. What is the lecture mainly about?

A. Children and environmental protection. B. Children's behavior and fighting. C. Children's behavior and our response. D. Children and principles. 12. On what kind of principle is the lecture based?

A. A principle in chemistry. B. A principle in behavioral psychology. C. A principle in physics. D. A principle in geology. 13. Who do you think the audience at this lecture might be?

A. Teachers. B. Doctors. C. Social workers. D. Parents. 14. According to the lecture, why was the child sent to his room?

A. As a kind of punishment. B. As a kind of reward.

C. As an experiment on the principle. D. As an example of the principle. 15. What does the lecturer mean by \"environment\"?

A. Rooms, cookies and toys. B. Water, air and forest.

C. People, places and things. D. Family, school and friends.

第三部分：词汇和结构

此部分共有20个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。 16. A man should not be judged always ______what he says.

A. by B. in C. with D. to 17. There are a lot of news ______today's newspaper.

A. in B. on C. at D. with 18. Your father likes playing golf；he's really enthusiastic _______it. A. by B. about C. with D. on 19. The number of students of this school ______large.

A. are B. are not C. isn't D. aren't

20. The league secretary and monitor ______asked to make a speech at the meeting.

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A. has B. was C. are D. were 21. Nobody believed him ______what he said.

A. even though B. in spite C. no matter D. contrary to 22. I shall be surprised if he does this the same way ______I do.

A. as B. like C. which D. what 23. My father is leaving ______Shanghai tomorrow.

A. for B. in C. into D. to 24. If it ______tomorrow， we will not go out.

A. rains B. will rain C. is to rain D. is going to rain 25. It's _____to interrupt the others while they are talking.

A. rough B. rude C. polite D. troublesome

26. You should have been more patient that customer；I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.

A. of B. with C. for D. at

27. The whole business of buying and selling shares depends on a person’s ability to the future.

A. appreciate B. understand C. anticipate D. improve 28. When I some washing I heard someone at the door.

A. was doing, knock B. was doing, knocks C. was doing, knocked D. am doing, knocked 29. finished his speech when the audience started cheering.

A. Hardly he had B. Hardly had he C. Had he hardly D. Hardly he does have 30. I think this afternoon.

A. there will have rain B. it will be rain C. there will be rain D. there will rain 31. His parents are teachers.

A. each B. all C. both D. no one 32. If the shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller . A. suit B. one C. set D. pair 33. It's watch. Take it please.

A. quite a nice B. a quite nice C. a nice quite D. quite nice a 34. Could you do something me, please?

A. to B. of C. for D. from 35. They were too tired to walk, so they stopped a rest.

A .taking B. to take C. take D. to taking

第四部分：完型填空

以下短文包含5个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分，请从A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出正确选项，并把答案写在答题纸上。

It seems quite clearly unjust to pay two people different amounts of money for doing the same work. But it is not as easy as it appeals at first __36__ to introduce equal pay for equal work.

Two people may be working side by side in a factory and doing the same work, but one may be doing it twice as fast as the __37__; or one may be making no mistakes, while the other is making a lot. In some kinds of work, one can solve the problem of speed if one pays by the amount of work to be done and not by the hour: work paid for in this __38__ is called piece-work. But it is not always possible to do this, so it is sometimes useful to pay workers at different rates,

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which take differences in skill into __39__. This usually means that the younger and therefore less experienced worker gets less than the __40__ and more experienced one, which seems reasonable enough.

36. A. other B. sight C. older D. way E. account 37. A. other B. sight C. older D. way E. account 38. A. other B. sight C. older D. way E. account 39. A. other B. sight C. older D. way E. account 40. A. other B. sight C. older D. way E. account

第五部分：翻译

请把下列5句英文翻译成中文，并把译文工整地写在答题纸上。 41. It was a hard job, but he did not mind. 42. You are clever enough to pass the exam.

43. Because there was heavy traffic, we were ten minutes late. 44. You'd better go quickly before I change my mind. 45. Jane moved to New York at the end of last month. 第六部分：写作 （略）

参：

第一部分：英语知识运用 1-5 CAABB

第二部分：阅读理解

6-10 ABAAB 11-15 CBDAC 第三部分：词汇和结构

16-20 AABCB 21-25 CAAAB 26-30 BCABC 31-35 CDBCB 第四部分：完型填空 36-40 BADEC 第五部分：英译汉

41. 这项工作很艰苦，但他并不在乎。 42. 你很聪明，能通过考试。

43. 由于交通拥挤，我们晚了十分钟。 44. 趁着我还没有改变主意，你赶快走吧。 45. 简在上月底就移居纽约了。

说明：本考试指导只适用于201603学期期末考试使用，包括正考和重修内容。如果在复习中有疑难问题请到课程答疑区提问，祝大家顺利通过考试！