2020学年新教材高中英语Unit1FoodforthoughtPeriodFourGrammar—Modals1教案外研版必修第二册

感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题

1．...I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! 2．But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 3．...Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! 4．...we’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies... 5．“You needn’t try it if you don’t want to，”Mum said... Choose the meanings to the words in bold above. A．Be afraid to do something. B．Not be necessary to do something. C．Give advice to do or not to do something.

D．Be necessary or give strong advice to do something. E．Have the ability to do something. 1．E 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B

一、基本特征

1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。 She can speak English though she is six. 尽管她才6岁，但她会说英语。

2．情态动词一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 They must be in the classroom. 他们一定在教室里。

3．构成否定句时，not放在其后面。

The young man can’t carry the big stone. 这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。 4．情态动词后接动词原形。 You will do as I told you.

你得照我说的去做。 二、基本用法 1．can与be able to

(1)can只有现在时和过去时(could)，而be able to则有更多的时态变化，在将来时、完成时和非谓语动词中只能用be able to。

(2)can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或succeed in doing。

(3)在否定结构中was/were able to与could没有区别。

This time I failed in the exam，but I’ll be able to pass the exam next time.这次我考试不及格，但下次考试我能及格。(经过努力)

She ran fast but she couldn’t/wasn’t able to catch the bus.她跑得很快可还是没能赶上公交车。 2．need的用法

(1)need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。

—Need I finish the work today?

—Yes，you must/have to./No，you needn’t. ——我需要今天干完这活吗？

——是的，你必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。

There’s plenty of time.You needn’t drive so fast. 时间很充足，你不必开这么快。

注意：由need引起的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用needn’t。 (2)作实义动词

need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。 The bike needs repairing. ＝The bike needs to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 3．have to与must

(1)have to“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don’t/didn’t have to。 It’s too late.I have to go home now. 天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。

You don’t have to finish the work now. 你现在没有必要完成这项工作。

(2)have to表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must还表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。

I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会

议。

You must obey the rules of your school. 你必须遵守你们学校的规则。 4．dare的用法

(1)dare既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作情态动词时多用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句以及表示怀疑的名词性从句中，表示“敢……”。 I dare not walk through the wood at night. 夜间我不敢在小树林里走。

(2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句、疑问句中不定式符号to也可以省略。

The children don’t dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping. 孩子们在父母睡觉时不敢弄出一点声音。 Does he dare (to) tell you what he has done? 他敢告诉你们他所做的事情吗？ 5．had better的用法

had better后跟动词原形，表示“最好……”，其否定式在had better后加not。 You’d better get there before it gets dark. 你最好天黑前到那。

We’d better not talk so loudly. 我们最好不要这么大声说话。

Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词或所给动词的正确形式填空

1．We can choose between staying at home and taking a trip.

2．Some classmates suggest we should go to places of interest nearby.

3．I needn’t have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

4．I didn’t know whether he dared say that to him. 5．You’d better do(do) it all by yourself. 6．—Need I hand in my paper now? —Yes，you must.

7．The car is so dirty.It needs cleaning/to be cleaned(clean)． Ⅱ.完成句子

8．I will be able to speak English in three years. 三年后我将能讲英语。

9．I’m afraid you dare not/daren’t do such a thing.

恐怕你不敢做这样的事。

10．Do I need to leave my telephone number and address? 我有必要把电话和地址留下吗？

11．Given his health condition，we had better not let him go there. 考虑到他的身体状况，我们最好不要让他去那里了。 12．It was raining outside；we had to stay at home. 外面在下雨，我们不得不待在家里。

13．If you must smoke，please go outside. 如果你非得抽烟，请到外面去吸。

基础巩固

Ⅰ.选词填空

1．As there was no bus，we had to(had to；should) walk home.

2．I want to go to the office，but you need not go(need not to go；need not go) with me. 3．The manager is so hot­tempered that I dare not tell(to tell；tell) him the bad news. 4．You needn’t fetch(to fetch；fetch) four；two will do.

5．I have no bike，so I have to go(have to go；must go) to the office on foot. 6．You needn’t buy(needn’t buy；needn’t have bought) a gift，but you can if you want to.

7．I talked with her for a long time，and eventually I was able to(could；was able to) make her believe me.

8．The patient can be operated on(can be operated on；has been able to be operated on) by the end of this month. Ⅱ.单句写作

9．如果在你方便的时候能尽早回复我的信，我将非常感激。

I’ll appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. 10．我刚刚发现今天下午我必须参加一个重要的班会。

I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting this afternoon. 11．我非常需要有人来帮助我学英语口语，在这方面，许多中国学生都比较差。

I badly need someone to help me with my oral English，at which lots of Chinese students are bad.

12．下雨天，你敢在这么拥挤的道路上开车吗？

Do you dare to drive a car on such a crowded road on a rainy day?

能力提升

Ⅲ.阅读理解

Let’s face it.No one drinks diet sodas for the taste.People drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect，according to a new study.

Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didn’t drink diet sodas.“What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank，the more weight they were likely to gain，” said Sharon Fowler.

The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large，ongoing research project，where the participants were followed for nearly 10 years.

While the findings are surprising，they also offer some explanations.Nutrition expert，Melanie Rogers，who works with overweight patients in New York，has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet sodas，they don’t lose weight at all.“We weren’t seeing weight loss necessarily，and that was confusing to us，” said Rogers.

So why would diet sodas cause weight gain? No one knows for sure yet，but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet sodas，and so over­compensate for the missing calories.

A related study found some sweeteners(甜味剂) raised blood sugar levels in some mice.“Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky，”said Helen P．Hazuda，professor at the University of Texas’s school of medicine.“They may be free of calories，but not of consequences.” 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会让体重增加。 13．People drink diet sodas to . A．enjoy its taste B．stay in fashion C．achieve weight loss D．gain more energy 答案 C

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight...”可知，人们喝低糖汽水是为了减轻体重，故选C。

14．The new study suggests that drinking diet sodas . A．causes people to become heavier B．helps people to be healthier C．makes people much thinner D．offers people more calories 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段最后一句中的“the more diet sodas a person drank，the more weight they were likely to gain”可知，新的研究表明喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会让体重增加。故选A。

15．We can learn from the passage that . A．regular sodas make people lose more weight B．diet soda drinkers tend to eat more food C．diet sodas do help reduce calories D．most blood diseases come from diet sodas 答案 B

解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“they can eat more if they drink diet sodas”可知，喝低糖汽水的人趋向于吃更多的食物。故选B。

16．The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”． A．sweeteners

B．diet sodas and artificial sweeteners C．sodas

D．diet soda drinkers and sweetener takers 答案 B

解析 代词指代题。此处是承接上一句中的内容，故“They”指的是“低糖汽水和人造甜味剂”。故选B。 Ⅳ.完形填空

Not all love is said out loud.It wasn’t until I went to high school that I 17 this.In my memories，it was Mom who held the family together.Dad was harsh and 18 .Every evening，coming back home from work，he would 19 me for what I’d done wrong during the day.

When I broke my leg after I 20 a swing，it was Mom who 21 held me in her arms all the way to the hospital.In dead 22 ，Dad pulled a gurney(医院的轮床) right up to the door of the emergency room and when asked to move it away，he jumped and 23 ，“I need this gurney.Don’t you think it’s urgent？” His voice did frighten me.

Recently，as I was 24 my family’s photo album with some friends，one of them asked，“What does your father look like？” At that moment，it 25 me that few pictures of

my dad could be found.He was always the one 26 pictures for us.This 27 why nearly all of the photos in the album were of my Mom and me.

Familiar scenes ran through my head.At my birthday parties，he just 28 himself blowing up balloons，setting up tables and trying to make everything 29 .It was Mom who carried the cake with candles on it for me to 30 .Dad was sitting in the corner，tired and 31 .

Studying in high school now，I only go home about once a month.On my 32 ，Dad remains silent 33 ，but Mom always tells me that it was Dad who drove to other towns to buy fresh seafood and vegetables，saying that it was 34 as long as I could enjoy the dishes h

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Perhaps Dad just doesn’t know how to 36 love.Or，I don’t know how to recognize it.

语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者讲述了父亲对自己深沉的爱。作者的父亲看起来严厉又冷漠，但是他会在作者受伤时着急，为他找来轮床；会在作者生日宴会上做许多事情帮忙准备；会在作者回家时给他买来新鲜的海鲜和蔬菜。 17. A．refused C．remembered 答案 B

解析 根据下文内容可推断此处讲的是并不是所有的爱都要大声说出来，直到上高中，我才意识到这一点。refuse拒绝；realize意识到；remember记得；control控制，故选B。 18. A．kind C．cold 答案 C

解析 根据“In my memories，it was Mom who held the family together.”可知，在我的记忆里，是妈妈把一家人聚在一起，因此爸爸是严厉的、冷淡的。and连接意思相近的两个词。kind和蔼的；flexible灵活的；cold冷淡的；stubborn顽固的，故选C。 19. A．scold C．charge 答案 A

解析 根据上文可知，爸爸是严厉的，因此推断每天晚上下班回家后，他总是因为白天我做的错事而责骂我。scold责骂；appreciate欣赏；charge控告；ask问，故选A。 20. A．fell off C．moved into 答案 A

B．fixed upon D．put on B．appreciate D．ask B．flexible D．stubborn B．realized D．controlled

解析 根据上文“I broke my leg”可推断出，我从秋千上掉下来摔断了腿。fall off跌落；fix upon决定；move into移入；put on穿上，故选A。 21. A．excitedly C．unwillingly 答案 B

解析 根据上文可知，我摔断了腿，因此推断出妈妈轻柔地抱着我一路去了医院。excitedly兴奋地；gently轻柔地；unwillingly不情愿地；strangely奇怪地，故选B。 22. A．position C．silence 答案 C

解析 句意为：在死一般的沉寂中，爸爸拖了医院的轮床到了急诊室门口。position位置；responsibility责任；silence沉寂；atmosphere气氛，故选C。 23. A．doubted C．whispered 答案 D

解析 根据下文“‘I need this gurney.Don’t you think it’s urgent？’ His voice did frighten me.”可知，当有人要求父亲把轮床移开时，他跳起来，喊道：“我需要这个轮床，难道你不认为它很紧急吗？”他的声音大的让我害怕。doubt怀疑；add补充说；whisper低声地说；shout大喊，故选D。 24. A．looking through C．looking down upon 答案 A

解析 根据下文“...one of them asked，‘What does your father look like？’”可知，我与朋友们一起浏览我家的相册。look through浏览；look up查阅；look down upon看不起；look into调查，故选A。 25．A.resulted in C．occurred to 答案 C

解析 根据上文朋友问我，我的父亲什么样子，可推断此处意思是：在那一刻，我突然想到爸爸几乎没有什么照片。result in导致； contribute to贡献；occur to某人突然想到；head for前往，故选C。 26．A.collecting C．taking 答案 C

解析 根据上文可知，父亲的照片很少，因此推断出他总是那个给我们拍照的人。collect收集；

B．changing D．drawing B．contributed to D．headed for B．looking up D．looking into B．added D．shouted B．responsibility D．atmosphere B．gently D．strangely

change改变；take拍照；draw绘画，故选C。 27．A.explained C．confirmed 答案 A

解析 父亲总是那个给我们拍照的人，这解释了为什么相册里几乎都是我和妈妈的照片。explain解释；admit承认；confirm确认；predict预测，故选A。 28．A.lost C．busied 答案 C

解析 根据语境可知，在生日宴会上，爸爸只是忙于吹气球、摆桌子，努力地让一切完美。busy oneself doing sth.使自己忙于做某事，是固定搭配，故选C。 29．A.faulty C．colorful 答案 D

解析 句意为：在生日宴会上，爸爸只是忙于吹气球、摆桌子，努力地让一切完美。faulty有错误的；tidy整齐的；colorful多彩的；perfect完美的，故选D。 30．A.come out C．blow out 答案 C

解析 根据上文“At my birthday parties”可知，妈妈端来带着蜡烛的生日蛋糕让我吹灭。come out出现；put out熄灭；blow out吹灭；break out爆发，故选C。 31．A.sleepy C．unsatisfied 答案 A

解析 根据上文可知，爸爸做了许多工作，因此推断出爸爸坐在角落里疲惫而又困乏。sleepy困乏的；ill生病的；unsatisfied不满意的；hungry饥饿的，故选A。 32．A.visits C．studies 答案 A

解析 根据上文可知，我现在上高中，每个月回家一次。每次我停留期间，爸爸仍旧像往常一样保持沉默。visit访问；way路；study学习；journey旅行，故选A。 33．A.or so C．in doubt 答案 D

解析 根据上文可知，父亲是不善言谈，我每次在家期间，他仍旧像往常一样沉默不语。or so大

B．for sure D．as usual B．ways D．journeys B．ill D．hungry B．put out D．break out B．tidy D．perfect B．enjoyed D．adapted B．admitted D．predicted

约；for sure毫无疑问地；in doubt不能肯定；as usual像往常一样，故选D。 34．A.useful C．understandable 答案 B

解析 由but推断出尽管父亲像往常一样沉默，但是妈妈说是爸爸开车去其他镇上买了新鲜的海鲜和蔬菜，说只要我喜欢他准备的菜，这一切都是值得的。useful有用的；worthwhile值得做的；understandable可以理解的；necessary必要的，故选B。 35．A.enjoyed C．prepared 答案 C

解析 参见上题解析。enjoy喜爱；buy买；prepare准备；consume消耗，消费，故选C。 36．A.adopt C．say 答案 B

解析 根据上文内容可知，也许爸爸就是不知道如何表达爱，或者我不知道如何识别它。adopt收养，采纳；express表达；say说；represent代表，故选B。 Ⅴ.语法填空 (单元核心词汇运用于语境)

Healthy Eating Habits

Healthy eating habits are very important for our health；we are used to 37.enjoying(enjoy) typical Chinese food，such 38.as spicy，hot pot，chicken feet，pig’s ears and stinky tofu.It is a custom 39.to drink(drink) a cup of Chinese oolong tea in 40.a fine china cup.In others’ view，there’s nothing 41.better(good) than English food.Eating sausages，toast with butter，roast beef and vegetables is a kind of 42.enjoyment(enjoy)．Besides，we should focus on a balanced diet,43.which assures us the necessary vitamins and nutrition.Most 44.importantly(important)，cooking at home and 45.making(make) our meals from fresh，seasonal fruit and vegetables give us a chance 46.to relax(relax)．

B．express D．represent B．bought D．consumed B．worthwhile D．necessary