高级英语2Paraphrase

1 the burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.

the burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth, looking like a deserted construction site.

2 all colonial empires are in reality founded upon the fact.

All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals, instead of treating them as human beings.

3 they rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.

They are born, then they work for a few years, work hard and starve, finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.

4.a carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe turning chair-legs at lighting speed.

Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.

5 instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.

Immediately a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited from their dark hole-like cells everywhere.

6 …every one of them looks on a cigarettes as a more or less impossible luxury. Every one of these poor Jews considers the cigarettes as a piece of luxury which they can not possibly afford.

7 still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.

However, a white-skinned European is always easy to be noticed.

8 in a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings. If u take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, u see everything but the human-beings.

9. no one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas .

No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas for these trips would not be interesting.

10… for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.

For ninety percent of the people, life is very hard, by working extremely hard, they can only produce a little food from the poor soil.

11 she accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. She took it for granted that as an old woman she belonged to the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work and carrying heavy burdens like an animal.

12 people with brown skins are next door to invisible. People with brown skins are almost invisible.

13 their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms.

They were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies.

14 how long before they turn their guns in the other direction?

How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us .

15 every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind.

every white man had this thought hidden somewhere in his mind. Lesson 3

1 and it is an activity only of humans.

and conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. 2 conversation is not for making a point.

Conversation is not far persuading others to accept our idea or point of view. 3 In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.

In fact, a person who is good at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.

4 bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.

People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each other’s lives. 5…it could still go ignorantly on…

The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong. 6 there are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.(boeuf)

These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feed in the fields, but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meet beef.

7 the new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.

The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept for absorb the culture of the rulers. 8 english had come royally into its own.

The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more.

9 the phrase as always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes.

The phrase, the king’s English, has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes, the working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people.

10 the rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.

there still exists in the working people, as in the early Saxon peasants, a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class.

11 there is always a great danger that “words will harden into things for us”.

There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent, for example, the word “dog” is a symbol representing, a kind of animal, we mustn’t regard the word “dog” as the being the animal itself.

12 even with the most educated and the most literate, the king’s English slips and slides in conversation.

Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard, formal English all the time in their conversation.

Lesson 4

1 and yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globes.

Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men are created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not been decided in many countries around the world.

2 this much we pledge---and more.

This much we promise to do and we promise to do more.

3 united, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.

United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings.

4 but this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. We will not allow any enemy country to subvert this peaceful revolution which brings hope of progress to all our countries.

5. …our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace…

The United Nations is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instrument of wave far surpassed the instruments of peace. 6 …to enlarge the area in which its writ may run…

We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force.

7…before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction…

Before the terrible forces of destruction overwhelm mankind which science can now release ,before this self-destruction, which may be planned or brought about by an accident , takes place

8 yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand

of mankind’s final war.

Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrain s each group from launching mankind’s final war.

9 So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of

weakness…

So let us start once again to discuss and negotiate and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness.

10 Let both sides seek to invoke the wonder of science instead of its terrors.

Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do.

11 …each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its

national loyalty.

Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country by fighting and dying for their country’s cause.

12 With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of

our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love.

Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good conscience for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability. Lesson7

1 …boy and man , I had been through it often before.

As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had often traveled around the region 2 but somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation

But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.

3…it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke. This dreadful scene makes all humans endeavors to advance and improve their lot appears as a ghastly, saddening joke.

4 the country itself is not uncomely , despite the grime of the endless mills.

The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in the region.

5 they have taken as their model a brick set on end.

The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright。 All the house they built looked like bricks standing upright.

6 this they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow , low-pitched roof.

These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.

7 when it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.

When the bricks is covered with the black soot of mills, it takes on the color of a rotten egg.

8 red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.

Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time. 9 I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. I have given the Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying to God

10 they show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical.

They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked, when one looked back at these houses whose ugliness is so fantastic and bizarre , one feels they must be the work of the devil himself.

11 it is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.

It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.

12 on certain levels of the Americans race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly…

People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly

things ,while in other less Christian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful. 13 they meet in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible

demands.

These ugly designs, in some way that people can not understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.

14…they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it.

They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable. 15out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.

From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth. Lesson 9

1 with a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city Omelas.

The loud of the ringing of the bells, which sent the frightened swallows flying high, marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Omelas.

2…their high calls rising like the swallow’s crossing flights over the music and singing.

The shouting of the children could be heard clearly above the music and singing like the calls of the swallows flying by overhead.

3 …exercised their restive horses before the race.

The riders put were putting the horses through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the control of the roders.

4 given a description such as this one tends to make certain assumptions.

After the reading the above description the reader is likely to assume certain things. 5 these were not simple folk, not dulcet shepherds, noble savages, bland utopians. The citizens of Omelas were not simple people, not kind and gentle shepherds, not savages of high birth, nor mild idealists dreaming of perfect society.

6 this is the treason of the artist: a refusal to admit the banality of evil and the terrible boredom of pain.

An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is noting fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting.

7 they were mature, intelligent, passionate adults whose lives were not wretched. They were fully developed and intelligent grow-up people full of intense feelings and they were not miserable people.

8 perhaps it would be best if u imagined it as your own fancy bids, assuming it will rise to the occasion.

Perhaps it would be best if the reader pictures Omelas to himself as his imagination tells him, assuming his imagination will be equal to the task.

9 the faint insistent sweetness of drooz may perfume the ways of the city. The faint but compelling sweet scent of the drug may fill the streets of the city.

10 perhaps it was born defective, or perhaps it has become imbecile through fear, malnutrition, and neglect.

Perhaps the child was mentally retarded because it was born so or perhaps it has become very foolish and stupid because of fear, poor nourishment and neglect. 11 its habits are too uncouth for it to respond to humane treatment.

The habits of child are so crude and uncultured that it will show no sign of improvement even if it is treated kindly and tenderly.

12 their tears at the bitter injustice dry when they begin to perceive the terrible justice or reality, and to accept it.

They shed tears when they see how terribly unjust they have been to the child, but these tears dry up when they realize how just and fair though terrible reality is. Lesson 10

1 the slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged.

At the very mention of this postwar period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.

2 the rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.

In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.

3 the war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure…

The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.

4 … it was tempted , in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication…

In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities . they pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily. 5 prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasure illicit.

The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful, added a sense of adventure. 6…our young man began to enlist under foreign flags.

Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.

7…they “wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up”..

The young people wanted to take part in the glorious adventure before the whole war ended

8… they had outgrown towns and families.

These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their hometowns or their famlies.

9…the returning veteran also had to face…the hypocritical do-goodism of prohibition…

The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people

10 something in the tension-ridden youth of American had to “give”…

(under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already vary tense, had to break down.

11 …it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens

inflamed against war, Babbittry, and “puritanical”. Gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center…

It was only natural that hopeful young writers, whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and ”Puritanical” gentiity

12 each town had its “fast” set which prided itself on its unconventionality…

Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives. Lesson14

1 nowadays New York is out of phrase with American taste.

Nowadays, New Yorkers can’t understand nor follow the taste of American people. 2 New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends…

New York is proud that it is a city that resists the prevailing fashion or styles of Americ.

3 …sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood , and the Johnny Carson show live, preempt the airwaves from California.

Situations comedies made in Hollywood and the live performance of Johnny Carson now dominate the radio and TV programs in California.

4 …it is making something of a comeback as a tourist attraction.

New York is making attempts to regain its status as a city that attracts tourists. 5 to win in New York is to be uneasy…

Even when a person wins in New York, he may well be anxious and fearful, for he is afraid of losing what he has gained in the coming fierce competition. 6 nature’s pleasures are much qualified in New York People can seldom enjoy the beauty of nature in New York. 7…the city’s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens.

At night, the lights of New York are so proudly bright that the sky seems to be darkness.

8 but the purity of a bohemian dedication can be exaggerated.

But the pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohemia life style can be overstated. 9 in both these roles it ratifies more than it creates.

In both these roles of banking and communications headquarters, New York creates very few things but approves many things started by people in other parts of the country.

10 the television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype…

The television generation was continually and strongly affected by extravagant promotional advertising.

11… those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines.

Writers producing serious novels also earn living by writing articles for popular magazines.

12 broadways, which seemed to be succumbing to the tawdriness of its environment, is astir again.

Broadway, which seemed giving up to the cheap, gaudy shows put on in the

surrounding areas, now becomes flourishing and busy again.

13…he prefers the unhealthy hassle and the vitality of urban life.

(if u tell a New Yorker about the vigor of outdoor pleasures, he will reply that) he prefers to live in a city with unhealthy turmoil and animated life.

14 The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town. Those who failed in the struggle of life, the down-and-outs, do not hide themselves away in slums where other people can’t see them.

15 The place constantly exasperates, at times exhilarates.

New York constantly irritates and annoys very much but sometimes it also fascinates and stimulates.