上海牛津英语6B知识点梳理

Module 1 City life

Unit1 Great cities in Asia

知识点梳理：

I 词组

1. at an exhibition 在展览会上 2. the capital of China 中国的首都

the capital city of Shandong province 山东的省会城市 3. north-east of Shanghai 在上海东北面 east/ west/ south / north of 在……的东、西、南、北面 north-east /north-west of 在……的东北、西北 south-east /south- west of 在……东南，西南 * in/on/to the east of eg. Shanghai is in the east of China. Korea is on the east of China. Japan is to the east of China.

3. how far 多远

4. how 如何/怎样 5. how long 多久 6. in the past 在过去 7. other places 其他城市 8. from shanghai to Beijing 从上海到北京

9. read some information about Beijing 阅读关于北京的信息 10. the Great Wall 长城 * the Summer Palace 颐和园 * the Palace Museum 故宫博物院 11. more than= over 超过 * less than = under 少于 12. 15 million people 一千五百万人 *millions of, thousands of

13. huge department store 大型百货公司 *huge= very big

14. spicy food 辣的食物

15. in Asia 在亚洲Asia亚洲 Asian 亚洲人 亚洲人的 亚洲的 16. great cities= big cities 大城市 17. which city 哪个城市

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18. by plane=by air; 乘飞机 by ship=by sea; 乘船 by train/ ferry 乘火车/ 渡轮 19. That’s right. 对的。 * That’s all right. 没关系，不要紧。 20. two days and a half = two and a half days两天半 21. like visiting those places 喜欢参观那些地方 like/ love/ enjoy/ doing Sth. would like to do Sth. 22. in Tokyo 在东京

II. 词性转换

1. Japan (n.) 日本 — Japanese ( a./n. )日本的，日语，日本人 a Japanese, some Japanese

My uncle met some Japanese visitors yesterday. They came from Japan. China (n.) 中国 – Chinese (a./n.) 中国的，汉语，中国人 a Chinese, a lot of Chinese

China is a great nation with millions of clever and brave Chinese. 2. Thailand (n.) 泰国 — *Thai (a./n ) 泰国的，泰语，泰国人 That Thai restaurant is looking for a good from Thailand. 3. exhibition (n.) 展览会，展览 — *exhibit (v.) The Shanghai Exhibition Centre is on Yan’an Road.

4. build (v.) 建造 -- building (n.) 建筑物 –* builder (n.) 建筑工

Thousands of builders have worked hard to build such a wonderful building. 5. tourist (n.)游客—tour (n.) 旅游

Those tourists are welcomed by local tour agency. 6. information （Uncountable noun）

* a piece of information some information

Sam and Andy are looking for some information about forests.

III. 语言点/句型

1. south-east（东南）, north-east（东北） south-west (西南)， north-west (西北)这些斜方向方位词与中文表述相反。 2. east of 在(…范围外面的) 的东面 in the east of 在（…范围内）的东面.

eg. Tokyo is east of Shanghai. Shanghai is in the east of China. Beijing is north of Shanghai. It is also in the north of China. 3. the capital of China 中国的首都 of 的两种含义 (a) of 表示“的”

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the capital of China/ the map of my school/ the picture of me of 表示”在…之中”（后用复数） one/some/many/all/none of the boys.

eg. Beijing is the capital of China and it is also one of the great cities in Asia. 4. That’s right 那是对的 That’s all right 没关系 You are right 你是对的 All right 好吧

eg. A: Tokyo is the capital of Japan---------B: That’s right./ You are right. A: I am sorry.--------------B: That’s all right. A: Please open the door----B: All right. 6: 关于“半个的表达法” half an hour (半小时)

one hour and a half （一个半小时） an hour and a half

one and a half hours (注意复数)

两天半 two days and a half

two and a half days.

eg. it takes about two and a half hours to fly from Shanghai to Beijing.

7. by air = by plane 乘飞机:

by sea = by ship 乘船

eg. Tomorrow I will travel to Beijing by air,. 注意同意表达

go/travel/get to… by…==take a/an …to eg. He goes to school by car. He takes a car to school.

8 how, how far, how long 的特殊疑问句 how far ---“多远”问距离

It is about 1,400 kilometers. How far is it?

how ----“如何，怎样” （1.by +交通工具 2.作表语的形容词） I go to school by bus. How do you go to school? He became fit again. How did he become? how long “多长时间” (对时间段提问) *初中阶段用how long 的常见句型 -It takes sb time to do sth -since +时刻点或从句

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-for +段时间

-不带not 的until

eg. 1. It takes me about 2 hours to get there. How long does it take to get there? 2. I have lived here since last year. How long have you lived here? 3. I have lived here for 2 years. How long have you lived here? 4. I did my homework until mid-night. How long did you do your homework?

*5. (I won’t go to bed until I finish my homework.) When will you go to bed?

9 more than 超过==over

eg. There are more than 12 million people in Shanghai. There are over 12 million people in Shanghai.

10. 15 million 一千五百万

millions of 数以百万

eg. More than 70 million people visited Shanghai Expo and millions of them visited China Pavilion.

11 like/love/enjoy 后跟动词ing

People in Tokyo enjoy eating sushi. like/love doing sth = like/love to do sth

12 there be 句型表示某地方或者某时间有…

eg. There are 15 million people in Beijing. There will be much rain next month 注意there be 句型的各种时态 There was/were (过去时)

There will be/ is going to be （将来时） There have/has been （完成时）

eg. There have been a lot of people in Shanghai already and there will be more in the future.

13. These are all great cities in Asia. all “（三者以上）所有”， 放在be 动词后，行为动词前。

eg. Tokyo, Bangkok and Beijing all come from Asia and they are all my favourite cities

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Unit 2 At the airport

I 词组:

1. arrive at the airport 到达机场 2. arrive in Los Angeles 到达洛杉矶

3. arrive home / here / there 到家/ 这儿/ 那儿

4. a silk scarf 一条丝巾=> several silk scarves 几条丝巾 5. plenty of space 大量的空间 6. departure time 起飞时间

arrival time 抵达时间

7. one and a half hours=one/an hour and a half 一个半小时 8. before one o’clock 一点之前 9. have to do sth. 不得不做某事

10. drive somebody to some place 开车送某人去某地 11. leave A 离开A地 / leave for B 出发去B地 leave A for B 离开A地去B地 12. over there 在那里

13. a boarding card 一张登机牌 14. a name tag 一张姓名牌 15. write down 写下

16. live in Los Angeles 住在洛杉矶 17. enough space 足够的空间 18. big enough 足够的大

19. too many sweets 太多的糖果 20. too much meat 太多的肉

21. one and a half hours = one hour and a half 一个半小时 22. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 II. 词性转换:

1.fly v. 飞，飞行 → flight n. 航班

e.g. Next month, they will fly to the USA. Their Flight No. is MU67. 2.depart v. 离开，出发 → departure n. 离开，启程

e.g. Our parents will depart tomorrow morning. The departure time is 9.00 a.m. 3. pass v. 通过→ passenger n. 乘客；旅客 e.g. You can’t pass. Stop, please!

All passengers must obey the rules. 4. trolley n. 手推车→ (复)trolleys 5. arrive v. 到达→ arrival n.到达

e.g. The arrivel time is 3.00 p.m. , so they won’t arrive at 1.00 p.m. III. 语言点/句型

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*1.Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike have lived in Los Angeles for six years. ① 现在完成时：sb. have/ has + V.p.p(动词的过去分词) Sb. have/ has not V.p.p. (否定句) Have/ Has sb. V.p.p.（一般疑问句） ② have been to 去过，到过……（已回）

have been in 住在……(+时间段) have gone to 去，到……（未回）

e.g. I have been to America before. 我以前去过美国。

She has been in London for 2 years. 她已经住在伦敦两年。

Where is Mary? She has gone to the library. Mary在哪？她已经去图书馆了。 ③ They have already done a lot of things. Tom hasn’t read that book yet. Have you checked your passport yet? “already” 意为“已经”，用于现在完成时肯定句 “yet” 意为“还，已经，仍”， 用于否定句和疑问句。 ④ V.p.p. 动词的过去分词：

bring—brought—brought get—got—got write—wrote—written buy—bought—bought put—put—put pack—packed—packed live—lived—lived do—did—done

2.Mrs Wang and Grandma are going to Los Angels , the USA, this Sunday to see Aunt Judy and Uncle Mike.

本例中使用了现在进行时表示“将来”的含义。这样的动词常常是：go, come, leave, move etc.

e.g. I am leaving now. 我要离开了。

The bus is coming. Hurry! 公交来了，快点。

*3.Grandma has bought Aunt Judy plenty of T-shirts and several silk scarves. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.

e.g. 原句可以表述为：Grandma has bought plenty of T-shirts and several silk

scarves for Aunt Judy.

4.However, they have not packed their suitcases yet.

however:可用于句首，句中，句末，前后常用“，”隔开，语气比but 弱。 but: 用于句中

e.g. She was ill, however, she still went to work. She was ill ,but she still went to work.

5.What time does your plane leave for Los Angeles tomorrow?

leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 出发去某地

e.g. They will leave Shanghai. 他们将离开上海。 They will leave for Tokyo. 他们将出发去东京。

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Module 1 Unit 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 端午节 跳进河里 国家处于危险中 在每年的那天纪念他 他的工作是给皇帝建议。 举行龙舟比赛 吃粽子 那年农历五月初五 一个粽子 战争失败 采纳他的意见 新皇帝不听他的 出生在大约两千年前 为什么人们要庆祝它？ 以下是这个节日的故事 知道关于端午节的情况 一只咸粽子 the Dragon Boat Festival jumped into a river the country was in danger 18 一只甜粽子 19 有肉的咸粽子 20 没有豆的甜粽子 a sweet rice dumpling salty rice dumplings with meat sweet rice dumplings without beans our favourite dumplings rice remember him on that day 21 我们最喜欢的粽every year 子 His job was to give advice 22 你想吃点粽子to the king. 吗？ have dragon boat races eat rice dumplings 23 好的，请。 24 不用，谢谢。 Would you like some rice dumplings Yes, please. No, thanks. I’d rather have a piece of pizza. some puddings a piece of biscuits some sandwiches write an e-mail to your foreign friend tell you something about I love taking photos take some photos of… I will send you some two kinds dumplings of rice the fifth day of the fifth 25 我宁愿吃一片披lunar month of that year 萨 a rice dumpling lose a battle take his advice 26 一些布丁 27 一片饼干 28 一些三明治 the new kind did not listen 29 给你的外国朋友to him 写一封电子邮件 was/were born about two 30 告诉你一些关thousand years ago 于……的事情 why do people celebrate it? 31 我爱拍照 here’s the story of the 32 拍一些……的照festival 片 know something about the 33 我将会送给你一Dragon Boat Festival 些…… a salty rice dumpling 34 两种粽子

语法重点：

1. 一般过去时 ：

a. 概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 b. 常用的时间状语：

yesterday, last week/year…, in the past, …ago, in 2005, just now… c. 结构： 主语+动词的过去式+…

e.g. He watched TV yesterday evening. 否定：He didn’t watch TV yesterday evening.

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d. 动词过去式的构成： 规则变化： 1) 一般情况下在动词词尾直接加-ed. e.g. jump——jumped; 2) 以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加-d. e.g. love ——loved 3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，去y变i+ed; e.g. study——studied 4) 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，

再加-ed. e.g. stop——stopped

不规则变化：参见教材P103 2. 词性转换

 celebrate v. 庆祝 *celebration n. 庆祝  (be) born v. 出生 bear v. 生

 e.g. Alice was born in London in 2005.

 country n.. 国家; 乡下 countryside n. 郊外，郊野

 advice n.. 劝告; 忠告 advise v. 劝告, 忠告, 建议  sad adj. 悲伤的 sadly adv. 悲伤地 sadness n. 伤心，难过  die v. 死; 死亡 dead adj. 死的 death n. 死亡  later adv. 以后; 后来 late adj. 迟的 / adv. 迟，晚

 e.g. 5 minutes later 5分钟以后 The boy was 5 minutes late.迟到了5分钟  lose v. (lost, lost)输掉 lost adj. 失去的，迷失的

 e.g. I found my lost pen at last. 最后我找到了我丢失的钢笔。

 win v. (won, won)赢得 winner n. 获胜者  danger n. 危险; 风险 dangerous adj. 危险的

 without prep. 没有 with prep. 有；和……一起  send v. (sent, sent)发送,寄 sender n. 寄件人  five num. 五 fifth 第五  salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 盐 3. know sth. about sth./sb. 知道关于……的情况 4. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事

5. His job was to give advice to the king. 他的工作是给国王出谋划策。 a. 动词不定式 to give advice to the king 在句中做表语;

e.g. My hope is to become a nurse. 我的愿望是成为一名护士。 b. give advice to somebody 给某人提建议，相当于give somebody advice c. advice 为不可数名词，一条建议：a piece of advice

6. It was the fifth day of the fifth lunar month of that year. 那一天是那一年的农历五月初五。

农历是中国传统的日历表示方法，在英文中要用序数词来表达农历某个月的某一天。 春节 （农历正月初一）： the first day of the first lunar month 元宵节（农历正月十五）： the fifteenth day of the first lunar month

中秋节（农历八月十五）： the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month

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7. 表示伴随：with/without 介词with表示“带着……”，“带有……”。反义词为without。 e.g. Do you like coffee with or without milk? 你要喝奶咖还是清咖？ 8. 表示对别人礼貌的邀请，如Would you like some…? 其肯定回答为：Yes,please.否定回答为：No,thanks.

9. 在表示两种相反态度的情况下可以说：I like…, but I don’t like… 10. I don’t like rice dumplings. I’d rather have a piece of pizza. would rather do “宁愿, 宁可”, 后接动词原形，口语中常使用 ’d rather do的缩略形式，用于表示喜好、偏爱，相当于prefer to。

e.g. It is raining outside. I'd rather stay at home. 外面在下雨, 我宁可待在家里。 ※ would rather do =’d rather do

否定: would rather not do sth. = ’d rather not do

Unit 4 Staying healthy

I 词组

1. stay healthy = keep healthy 保持健康 2. indoor activities 室内活动 3. outdoor activities 室外活动 4. like dancing 喜欢跳舞 5. like running 喜欢跑步 6. enjoy swimming 喜欢游泳 7. love sports 喜欢运动 8. love playing 喜欢玩 9. forget working 忘记工作 10. play and work 工作与玩耍 11. do puzzles 玩拼图游戏 12. go fishing 去钓鱼 13. go cycling 去骑车 14. go swimming 去游泳 15. go on a picnic 去野餐 16. watch television 看电视 17. see a film 看电影 18. read a book 看书

19. play computer games 玩电脑游戏 20. play tennis / badminton 打网球/羽毛球 21. play basketball in the playground 在操场上打篮球 22. play the piano 弹钢琴

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23. make a model 制作模型

24. have a barbecue 进行一次烧烤 25. fly kites 放风筝 26. health problem 健康问题 27. have a headache 头疼 28. have a stomach ache 肚子疼 29. have a cold 感冒 30. have a fever 发烧 31. have a sore throat 喉咙疼 32. have toothache 牙疼 (注意没有“a”) 33. I’m afraid 恐怕（表示婉转语气） 34. too much + 不可数名词 太多 35. too many + 可数名词

36. too little+ 不可数名词 太少 37. too few + 可数名词

38. watch too much television 看太多的电视

(*watch television for too long)

39. watch less television 看少一点电视 40. wear enough clothes 穿足够多的衣服 41. *put on 穿上 42. wear more clothes 穿更多的衣服 43. eat too much spicy food 吃太多的辛辣食物 44. have exercise 做运动 45. once a day 一天一次 46. twice a week 一周两次 47. three times a month 一个月三次 48. go to bed late 晚睡 49. go to bed early 早睡 50. practise swimming 练习游泳 51. *practise doing sth. 练习做某事 52. help do the housework 帮助做家务 53. *help sb. (to) do sth./ help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事

II. 词性转换

1. act (v.) — activity (n.)— activities (pl.) — *active (a.)

e.g. We take part in all kinds of activities. He is very active in class.

2. health (n.) — healthy (adj.) — unhealthy (a.)

e.g. Health is the most important thing.

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3.

4. 5.

6. 7. 8.

You should eat healthy food.

Eating too much ice cream is unhealthy. real (adj.) — really (adv.) e.g. It’s really cold today.

He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a real man. tooth (n.) — teeth (pl.) —toothache

e.g. Too much sweet food is bad for your teeth and you’ll have toothache. fun (n.)—* funny (a.)

e.g. The children had fun at the beach yesterday. It’s a funny story.

many/much (a. ad.) —more e.g. You should drink more water. little — less; few — fewer

e.g. You should watch less television. one — once; two — twice e.g. I go to school once a week.

III. 语言点/句型

1. stay

1) *stay healthy

stay保持，相当于keep, 后接形容词 2) stay with his cousin stay逗留

2. like / love / enjoy + doing 1) enjoy后加名词或动名词 e.g. Tom enjoys the film. He enjoys running.

* enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高兴

2) like to do / like doing前者强调某一具体行为，后者则强调抽象概念或某一类事物

e.g. I like to read his novel.

I like reading.

3. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 *forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 e.g. He forgot to close the window.

I will never forget my 14th birthday.

* remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 *remember doing sth.记得做过某事 4. play basketball; play the piano

球类运动前不加the, 而乐器前要加the 5. favourite (adj.) = like…best 最喜爱

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e.g. I like doing puzzles best. = Doing puzzles is my favourite. 6. 用动名词来表述一些活动的名称 e.g. swimming, making a model

7. --- Why do I always have a headache?

--- It’s because you watch too much television, I’m afraid.

1) 对because引导的从句，只要求理解和模仿操练，不做语法分析。 2) 太多too much修饰不可数名词; too many 修饰可数名词 太少too little修饰不可数名词; too few修饰可数名词 3) I’m afraid恐怕（表示婉转语气） 8. You should watch less television. 1) 更少

less是little的比较级，修饰不可数名词，与too much相对应； fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词，与too many相对应 2) 更多

more是much和many的比较级，much修饰不可数名词，many修饰可数名词

9. It’s because you don’t wear enough clothes, I’m afraid. 1) enough足够的，足够地 名词放在enough的后面， e.g. enough money, enough time 形容词放在enough的前面， e.g. big enough, cool enough

2) not…enough可以改写too few和too little的句子

e.g. You don’t wear enough clothes. → You wear too little clothes. 10. You should (not) wear more clothes.

提建议用 You should (not) + 动词原形，你应该…… 另有You’d better (not) + 动词原形，你最好…… e.g. You’d better (not) wear more clothes. 11. --How often do you exercise? --I exercise once a month. 用how often提问频率，如always, usually, often, sometimes, never, once a week, twice a year等

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Module 2 Changes Unit 5 What will I be like?

I 词组 1. be like 2. my possible future 3. in front of 4. want to do sth 5. a magic camera 6. take photographs/ photos 7. look for 8. put in 9. press the button 10. wait for 11. come out 12. on the back 13. in 15 years’ time 14. be 165 centimetres tall 15. weigh 55 kilograms 16. taller and heavier 17. be good at sth/ doing sth 18. love doing sth 19. wear glasses 20. put out fires 21. will possibly be a/an… 22. listen to music 23. grow big 24. read and write a lot 25. a report on sth 26. would like to be 27. be poor at sth/ doing sth 28. have to practise sth. more 29. learn how to make sick people better 30. fly a spacecraft 31. come back 32. at night 像（什么样） 我可能会有的未来 在…前面 想要做… 一台魔术相机 拍照 寻找 放入 按按钮 等待 出现，出来 在背面 在15年后 身高165厘米 体重55千克 更高更重 擅长（做）某事 喜爱做某事 戴眼镜 灭火 将可能做一名… 听音乐 长大 大量阅读和写作 一份关于…的报告 想要成为… 不擅长（做）某事 不得不加强练习某事 学习如何使病人身体好转 开宇宙飞船 返回，回来 在夜晚 第 13 页 共 33 页

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II. 词性转换 1. possible (a.) 可能的 *impossible(a.) 不可能的 possibly (adv.) 可能地 e.g. I will do everything possible to help you. It is impossible for us to learn English well without hard work. I will possibly be a teacher in the future. 2. bake (v.) 烘烤 baker (n.) 面包师 bakery(n.) 面包房 *weight(n.) 重量 e.g. The baker usually bakes bread in the bakery. 3. weigh(v.) 称重量 e.g. She will weigh 52 kilograms in the future. Her weight is 52 kilograms 4. reporter n. 记者 e.g. The reporter is good at writing reports. 5. singer (n.) 歌手 6. finally (adv.) 最后 e.g. Finally, I passed the final exam. III. 语言点/句型

1. First, … Next, … Then… Finally, … 首先…然后…其次…最后…为表示步骤的副词, 经

常用于说明具体步骤的讲解中, 也可以用于写作中. 四步: First, … Next, … Then… Finally, …

五步: First, … Next, … Then… After that, … Finally, …

六步: First, … Second, … Next, … Then… After that, … Finally, … 2. I will be 165 centimetres tall. 我的身高将是165厘米.

I will weigh 55 kilograms. 我的体重将是55公斤. 注意身高和体重的英文表达方法.

3. This is me in 15 years’ time. 这是15年后的我.

in解释为在...之后,引导表示将来时间的时间状语, 后跟一段时间. in 15 years’ time = in 15 years

4. I will be more beautiful. 我会更漂亮.

多音节形容词的比较级是由more加形容词构成的. 如: more beautiful, more wonderful,

more interesting等.

有些双音节的形容词既可加more, 也可以在结尾加er构成比较级:如: clever的比较级为cleverer或more clever.

5. Yes, I agree. / No, I don’t agree. 是的，我同意 / 不，我不同意.

表示对观点的赞同用 “Yes, I agree.”, 表示对观点的不赞同用 “No, I don’t agree.” 这是一种语言功能,是本课教学重点,要加强训练.

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report (n..& v.) 报告 sing (v.) 唱 final (a.) 最后的 e.g. The singer is popular because she sings well. 15

e.g. Our earth is dirtier than before. Yes, I agree. * I think so, too.

No, I don’t agree. / * I’m afraid I don’t agree with you. /* I don’t think so, I’m afraid. 6. He is good at sports. 他擅长运动.

be good at是擅长的意思, 后接sth或doing sth, 相当于do well in. e.g. He is good at English/ playing football. 反义词:be poor at

7. I have to practise English and maths more. 我不得不加强练习数学和英语.

have to解释为不得不, 后面接动词原形. e.g. I have to go now.

practice…more意为\"多加强练习...\" more作副词, 意为\"(程度上)更多\" e.g. If you want to be a pianist, you should practice more. 8. He will be taller. 他将会更高.

She will possibly be a singer. 她可能会成为一个歌手.

一般将来时will +动词原形的结构在6A Unit 5出现过, 本单元再次出现,可适当的复习和巩固。

9．6A Unit 4中集中教授了许多职业名称, 可结合本单元归纳和复习。

Unit 6 Seasonal Changes

知识点梳理：

I 词组

1. uniforms for different seasons 2. write a notice about sth. to sb.

= write sb. a notice about sth. 3. in spring/summer/autumn/winter 4. wear summer/winter uniforms 5. a uniform 6. in January 7. in early April 8. in late October

9. shirts with the short/long sleeves 10. dresses with the short/long sleeves 11. wear a red scarf / red scarves 12. a pair of socks/shoes

在春/夏/秋/冬 穿夏季/冬季校服 一套校服 在一月 在四月初 末 短袖/长袖衬衫 短袖/长袖连衣裙 戴红领巾 一双袜子/鞋子 不同季节的校服

给某人写一份关于…的通知

*February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December

* a pair of glasses, a pair of trousers （is）

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13. take some photographs of the school life 15. fly around

16. study in the air-conditioned library

*= study in the library with air-conditioners 17. have ice-cream and soft drinks 18. before / after breakfast/ lunch/dinner 19. not many flowers 20. Leaves are on the trees.

*Birds are in the trees. 21. help students (to) keep warm

* help sb (to) do sth *help sb with sth 22. keep warm/clean/quiet

23. make snowmen （a snowman）

II. 词性转换

1. seasonal (adj.) -- season (n.) There are four seasons in a year. Strawberries are seasonal fruit. 2. change ( n. v. ) -- *changeable (adj.) Please change the sentence into English. Here is your change, sir.

The weather is very changeable in Tibet.

拍一些有关于学校生活的照片 到处飞舞

在有空调的图书馆学习 吃冷饮喝软饮料 在早餐/午餐/晚餐之前/后 没有很多的花 树叶在树上 鸟儿在树上 帮助学生保暖 帮助某人做某事 保持温暖/干净/安静 堆雪人

14. in the school garden/playground/ library/canteen 在学校花园/操场/图书馆/食堂

3. shorts ( n.)--short ( adj.)

Boys must wear shorts and T-shirts in summer. In summer, the days are long and the nights are short.

可数 ：*生命 save my life *lives (pl.) 4. life n.

不可数：生活 school life live (v.)

*living adj. (定语)

*alive adj. (表语)

The farmer and his wife live happily in their hut and they enjoy their happy life very much. The hero who has saved his life is still alive.

5. air-conditioned (adj.) air-conditioner (n.)

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The library isn’t air-conditioned now because there is something wrong with the

air-conditioner.

III. 语言点/句型

1. Boys must wear white shirts with the short sleeves. 2. Many flowers grow in the garden.

3. Not many students like playing in the playground because it’s hot.

Unit 7 Travelling in Garden City

知识点梳理：

I 词组:

1. traveling in Garden City 3. a single-decker bus 4. a double-decker bus 5. a fare box

6. a public transportation card

8. in the past 9. in 10 years’ time 10. all passengers 11. buy tickets from 12. collect money from the passengers 13. have to do sth.(don’t have to do sth.) 14. put their money in a fare box

15. use sth. instead 16. all of 17. most of 18. some of 19. none of

20. be like 21. fewer traffic jams

22. more underground stations

花园城的出行 一辆单层汽车 一辆双层汽车 一个投币箱 一张公共交通卡 在过去 十年后 所有的乘客 从……买票 从乘客那里收钱 不得不；必须(不必) 把钱放进投币箱 用……替代 全部的…… 大部分的…… 一些…… 没有一个…… 像…… 少一些交通阻塞 更多的地铁站

2. travelling by bus∕ferry∕underground 乘公共汽车/渡船/地铁出行

7. an air-conditioned bus 一辆空调车

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23. light rail 24. traffic lights 25. car parks

26. discuss sth. with sb. 27. *think about 28. *kinds of transport

轻轨 交通灯 停车场 和…讨论

考虑；思考；想一想 交通方式

29. *make a poster about 制作一张有关……的海报 II. 词性转换

1. travel v. 旅行 — travelling n. 交通 — ﹡traveller n. 旅行者 e.g. Travelling in Shanghai will be more and more convenient. The Bund attracts many travelers to take photos there. 2. conductor n. 售票员 — *conduct v. 指挥，进行 e.g. The manager asked him to conduct the meeting 3. collect v. 收集 — collection n. 收集

e.g. Mr. Grey is interested in art and he has a large collection of paintings. 4. driver n. 司机 — drive v. 驾驶 e.g. My father drives me to school every day.

5. crossing n. 十字路口 — cross v. 穿过 — across prep. 越过 e.g. Don’t cross the road when the traffic light is red.

The old lady was walking across the road carefully. 6. discuss v. 讨论 — discussion n. 讨论

e.g. We had a discussion on language and communication

7. air-conditioned adj. 有空调设备的 — air-conditioner n. 空调 e.g. He's going to install an air-conditioner in the house. 8. park v. 停车 — park n. 公园/停车库 e.g. I have to look for a car park to park my car. 9. little adj. 很少的 — less (比较级) 更少的 e.g. He promised to have less fast food to keep healthy.

10. few adj. 很少的 — fewer (比较级) 更少的

e.g. Helen made a few mistakes in her test paper. But Jane made fewer than her. 11. many ∕much adj. 许多的 — more (比较级) 更多的 e.g. Nowadays you can find more tall buildings in Shanghai.

III. 语言点/句型

1. What will travelling in our city be like in 10 years’ time? =How will travelling in our city be in 10 years’ time? What … be like? …怎么样？

be like∕look like 中 like prep. 像…一样

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e.g. Our school is like a garden. like prep. 像…一样 She looks like her mother.

He likes reading detective stories, like v. 喜欢 2. in 10 years’ time =in 10 years 十年后 （常与一般将来时连用） ◆ in one year’s time ◆ 用How soon 提问

e.g. The young man will finish riding around the country in two years’ time. How soon will the young man finish riding around the country? 3. there be 句型表示事物的存在 在什么地方有什么 一般现在时：There is∕are 一般过去时：There was∕were

一般将来时：There will be/ There is going to be 4. all of∕most of∕some of∕none of

◆ all of∕most of∕some of做主语时，后面的名词为复数，谓语动词也为复数 e.g. All of the students wear school uniforms.

◆ none of做主语时， 既可用复数谓语动词，也可用单数谓语动词 e.g. None of us enjoy(s) getting up early. ﹡复习one of的用法

﹡可补充与both of∕either of∕neither of 的比较

5. in the past∕nowadays∕in 10 years’ time分别与一般过去时，一般现在时，一般将来时连用

e.g. In the past, people usually went to work by bike.

Nowadays, people go to work by underground.

In 10 years’ time, people will drive to work themselves. 6. 比较级：little—less, few—fewer, many∕much—more ◆ fewer traffic jams∕less traffic 7. have to do 不得不

◆否定形式：don’t have to do = needn’t do∕don’t need to do 不需要 e.g. I have to stay at home. I don’t have to stay at home. ◆ 和must 的区别

have to do — 强调客观的需要，有人称，时态的变化 must — 强调主观的意愿，没有人称，时态的变化 e.g. He broke his leg, so he had to lie in bed for several days. She must study hard, because she wants to be a doctor. 8. perhaps= maybe, possibly 也许，可能 9. travel by bus=take a bus

travel by underground= take the underground 10. instead和instead of

◆ instead单独用于句首句尾，是副词

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◆ instead of 用于名词， 代词或介词短语前

e.g. I don’t like the red one, give me the black one instead. = Give me the black one instead of the red one.

11. transportation n. (美)= transport n.（英） 交通工具 12. 动词与介词的搭配

buy … from 从…买 collect … from 从…收集 put … in 把…放入 13. a woman driver— five women drivers a man teacher— two men teachers

*a girl student — some girl students

Unit 8 Windy weather

I 词组

1. windy weather 有风的天气 2. different kinds of 不同种类的 3. make a display board 制作一个展板 4. a gentle wind 一阵柔和的风 5. a strong wind 一阵大风 6. a typhoon 一阵台风

7. see sb. doing sth 看见某人正做某事 8. fly kites in the park 在公园里放风筝 9. hold raincoats tightly 紧紧地抓住雨衣 10. leaves blow slightly 树叶微微地吹动 11. fly in the sky 在空中飞扬 12. take flower pots into flats 把花盆拿进房间 13. clouds move quickly 云快速地移动 14. windsurf on the sea 在海上进行帆板运动 15. on a windy day 在一个有风的日子 16. fly kites happily 快乐地放风筝 17. at first 起先 18. blow gently 柔和地吹 19. move slowly 缓慢地移动 20. become stronger (风）变得更大了 21. blow sth. away 吹走某物 22. go home immediately 立刻回家 23. blow fiercely 猛烈地吹 24. fall down 倒下 25. sink in the sea 在海里下沉

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26. pass quickly 快速地经过 27. walk carefully in the street 街上小心地行走 28. clean the street 清扫街道 29. a slide show about typhoons 一个关于台风的幻灯片 30. heavy objects 重物

31. fall on cars 落在小汽车上 32. break windows 打破玻璃窗 33. flower pots outside people’s flats 人们屋外的花盆 34. big waves in the sea 海里的大浪 35. think about 思考；考虑 36. may happen 可能发生

37. when there is a typhoon 当有台风的时候 38. sink ships and boats 沉没船只 39. safety rules 安全规则 40. stay at home 待在家中 41. close all the windows 关闭所有的窗 42. park cars in car parks 把汽车停在停车场里43. fishing boats 渔船

44. stay in typhoon shelters 待在台风庇护所里

II. 词性转换

1. windy a. 有风的 wind n. 风 windy weather/ days a gentle/ strong wind 2. gentle a. 温和的 gently ad. 温和地 He is a gentle person.

She gave me a gentle push.

3. tightly ad. 紧紧地 tight a. 紧紧的 She kept her eyes tightly closed. You must hold the bottle tightly.

4. slightly ad. 轻微地 slight a. 轻微的 The leaves blow slightly in the parks I know about him slightly.

5. cleaner n. 清洁工人 clean a. 干净的 v. 清洁 They saw some street cleaners cleaning the street.

6. happily ad. 愉快地 happy a. 快乐的 happiness Kitty and Ben flew their kite happily.

John lives happily because he always uses his time well for study. 7. slowly ad. 缓慢地 slow a. 缓慢的 The clouds moved slowly

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n. 快乐 22

The sky changed slowly from blue to red. 反义 quickly/ fast ad. 迅速地

8. quickly ad. 迅速地 quick a. 迅速的 The clouds moved quickly.

9. immediately ad. 立即 immediate a. 立即的 Kitty and Ben went home immediately. Stop smoking immediately.

10. fiercely ad. 猛烈地 fierce a. 猛烈的 The wind became a typhoon and blew fiercely.

11. carefully ad. 小心地 careful a. 小心的，仔细的 *care n./ v. 关心 Please listen carefully and write down the sentences. 反义 carelessly ad. 不注意地，粗心地

12. heavy a. 沉重的 heavily ad. 沉重地

13. safety n. 安全 safe a. 安全的 *safely ad. 安全地 safety rules

make our city a safe place arrive at home safely 14. inside(反义 )—outside

15. fish n. 鱼 v. 捕鱼 fisherman ( fishermen) n.(复数) 渔民

III. 语言点/句型

1. What can you see when there is a gentle wind?有微风的日子里你能看到些什么？ when,连词，意为“当……时” ，引导时间状语从句。 e.g. Don’t get excited when you talk. He enjoyed drawing when he was a child. 2. a strong wind 大风

strong意为“猛烈的；强烈的”，

strong fierce(近义), strong gentle(反义)

3. I can see people flying kites in the park. 我可以看到人们在公园里放风筝。 see sb. doing sth. 意为“看到某人正在做某事”。 e.g. I see flags flying in the sky. *注意与 see sb. do sth.的区别

e.g. I saw some students play football on the playground yesterday afternoon. see sb. do sth.强调看到动作的全过程 4. 副词构成

1)大部分形容词后直接加-ly: e.g. slight slightly

2)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词去y变i,再加-ly: e.g. happy happily

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3)以辅音字母加le结尾的形容词去e直接加y: e.g. gentle gently

* 4)部分单词既是形容词又是副词： e.g. enough, fast, late *副词用法 1)修饰动词

People hold raincoats tightly. 2)修饰形容词

My suitcase is big enough 3)修饰副词

The students did morning exercises really carefully. 4)修饰整个句子

Luckily, Class one won the race.

5. They flew their kite happily.他们开心地放着风筝。

At first, the wind blew gently. 起初，风微微地颤动着。

happily, gently称为“方式副词”，修饰动词，表示动词的方式。

文中出现的这类副词：tightly, slightly, quickly, happily, gently, slowly, fiercely, carefully。 6. Suddenly, the wind became stronger. 突然，风变得更猛烈了。 Kitty and Ben went home immediately. 凯蒂和本立即回家了。 suddenly, immediately是“时间副词”，表示动作发生的时间。 7. Suddenly, the wind became stronger. 突然，风变得更猛烈了。

become stronger表示“变得更猛烈了”。Become 是个系动词，后常常跟形容词做表语，构成“主(语) 系(动词) 表(语)”结构。 e.g. The water in the river became dirty. The rain became heavier.

become后还可以跟名词，表示“变成了……” e.g. The wind became a typhoon. This area has become a desert.

8. The wind blew their kite away. 大风把他们的风筝刮走了。 blow away意为“吹走；刮走”

e.g. The wind blew that man’s hat away. 9. 熟记文中出现的动词过去式

are were fly flew blow blew move moved go went watch watched become became fall fell sink sank pass passed walk walked see saw 10. think about 思考

e.g. They are thinking about moving.

Have you thought about what job you are going to do? think of 思考，考虑，可与think about互换

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11. happen 发生

e.g. The accident happened outside my house. happen to do碰巧做某事

happen to sb. 某人发生了什么

12. Heavy objects may fall on cars in the streets. 重物可能会掉落到停在街上的汽车顶上 may情态动词，意为“可能” ，表示猜测或可能性，后接动词原形 e.g. She may be a nurse.

A strong wind may below away flower pots outside people’s flats. 13. We should stay at home. 我们应该待在家里。

should情态动词, 表示责任或建议，常解释为“应该”。 e.g. We should be strict with ourselves in our work.

should的否定形式是should not/ shouldn’t, 意为“不应该”。 e.g. They should not leave today’s work until tomorrow. * should=ought to

Unit 9 Sea water and rain water

I 词组:

1. prepare… for… 2. a class competition 3. a quarter

three quarters of… 4. sea animals 5. a sea horse 6. live in sp. 7. on the earth 8. one of …… 9. the largest

10. the most intelligent 11. the most dangerous 12. in the oceans 13. get sth from … 14. use sth to do sth

(= use sth for doing sth)

15. in the deep sea 16. be important to 17. keep… clean

准备…做… 一次班级竞赛 四分之一

三分之一的…… 海底动物 海马

居住在某地 在地球上 ……之一 最大的 最聪明的 最危险的 在海洋里 从…得到某物 用某物做某物 在深海里 对…很重要的 保持…干净

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18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

stop polluting sth (stop doing sth) *the answer to the questions two kinds of ……

find some information about… on the Internet at home

have no water to (do sth…) brush teeth take a shower wash clothes wash the dishes at work

water the crops and vegetables on the farm in restaurants

have no food to eat cook food put out fires Let’s do sth save water waste water

(fix) a dripping tap (under) a running tap turn on turn off

play water games take a bath instead of by doing sth by not doing sth other uses 停止污染某物 （停止做某事） 问题的答案 两种……

找出有关….的一些信息 在网上 在家里

没有水做某事 刷牙 淋浴 洗衣服 洗盘子 在工作中

浇灌庄稼和蔬菜 在农场里 在饭店里

没有可以吃的食物 烹饪食物 灭火

让我们做某事 节约用水 浪费用水

（修理）一个滴水的水龙头 在一个流水的水龙头下 打开 关掉 嬉水 洗盆浴

代替；而不是 通过做某事 通过不做某事 其他用途

II. 词性转换:

1. *compete (v.) 竞争 competition (n.) 比赛 e.g., Let’s have a competition about water. I will ask the questions. 2. 形容词原级 比较级 最高级

large larger the largest intelligent more intelligent the most intelligent dangerous more dangerous the most dangerous

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e.g., Which is the largest ocean in the world?

Dolphins are the most intelligent sea animals. 3. importance (n.) 重要 important (a.) 重要的 e.g., It’s important to learn how to communicate with others. 4. danger (n.) 危险 dangerous (a.) 危险的 e.g., Some animals are in danger. Let’s save them.

It’s dangerous to stand in front of a moving car. 5. pollution (n.) 污染 pollute (v.) 污染 e.g., We must stop polluting the water, the land and the air.

Water pollution is becoming worse nowadays. 6. interest (n.) 兴趣 interesting (a.) 有趣的；有意思的

interested (a.) 感兴趣的

e.g., Harry Potter is a very interesting book. I’m very interested in it. 7. cover (v.) 覆盖 * covering (n.) 掩蔽物；遮盖物 e.g., I like the covering of the book.

Water covers most of the Earth. 8. intelligence (n.) 智力；脑力 intelligent (a.) 聪明的 e.g., Do you think dolphins are intelligent? 9. tooth (n.) 牙齿 teeth (pl. n.) 牙齿 e.g., We should brush our teeth twice a day. 10. fish (v. ) 钓鱼 fisherman (n.) 渔夫

(n.) 鱼 fishermen (pl. n.) 渔夫 e.g., Fishermen use nets to catch fish and prawns.

I usually go fishing with my father at weekends. 11. fireman (n.) 消防员 firemen (pl. n.) 消防员 e.g., A fireman usually puts out fires.

If there is no water, firemen will have no water to put out fires. 12. farm (n.) 农场 farmer (n.) 农夫 e.g., Farmers need water to water the crops on their farm. 13. drip (v.) 滴水 dripping (a.) 滴水的 e.g., It’s a dripping day today. I’m dripping wet. Listen! The tap is dripping. 14. run (v.) 奔跑 running (a.) 流动的 e.g., We have a running sore. Does it hurt a lot?

III. 语言点/句型 A. 语言点： 1. quarter

a quarter of 四分之一的….. three quarters of 四分之三的…

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a half of 二分之一的….

e.g. Almost three quarters of the land is polluted. 1/2: one – second / a (one) half 1/4: one- fourth / a quarter

3/4: three – fourths / three quarters 2. one of…

one of + 形容词的最高级 + 名词复数： “最….之一” one of + 名词复数：“…之一”

e.g., Jinmao Tower is one of the tallest bridges in the world. 3．keep

keep sth. + adj. “使……处于某种状态” e.g., We promise to keep the beaches clean. Would you please keep the class quiet? Would you please keep the window open? 4. stop

stop doing sth 停止做某事

e.g., We must stop killing wild animals. * stop to do sth 停下来开始做某事

e.g., When the bell rang, the students stopped to have a rest. 5. have no + 名词

have no + 不可数名词/可数名词复数 = not have any + 不可数名词/可数名词复数 e.g., We will have no time at all to write to you.

= We will not have any time at all to write to you. He has no money.

= He doesn’t have any money.

6. need

need sth/ sb to do sth“需要某物/某人来做某事” e.g., If I need you to come and help, I’ll call. We need a hammer to fix the desk. 7. water

water (n.) 水（不可数名词） water (v.) 浇灌 e.g., Don’t forget to water the flowers in the garden. 8. waste

waste (v.) 浪费 waste (n.) 浪费；废弃物 e.g., Don’t waste the flour; there isn’t much. It’s a waste to throw away good food. 9. turn off

turn off 关掉 turn on 打开

e.g., Please turn off the radio.= Please turn the radio off.

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注意：当我们使用代词（it / them等）代替名词时，必须使用turn it/them off e.g., Please turn it off. 10. instead of

a) instead of为介词短语，后面一般加名词、代词、动名词（-ing）等

e.g., I have come instead of my brother.

I will go instead of you.

He was studying the whole afternoon instead of playing football.

* b) instead 为副词

e.g., Mr. Wang was ill. Instead, Mr. Li gave us the lesson.

B．句型：

*1. 形容词最高级的用法

1）形容词最高级的构成 规则变化：

① 单音节形容词和少数双音节形容词的最高级构成：

a) 一般在词尾加-est

e.g., tall --- tallest bright --- brighter

b) 重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音的形容词，双写最后字母，再加-est

e.g., big --- biggest fat --- fattest thin --- thinnest c) “辅音+y”结尾的形容词，将y改为i,再加est

e.g., heavy --- heaviest early --- earliest easy --- easiest

② 多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词的最高级构成： 在形容词前，加most

e.g., beautiful --- most beautiful intelligent --- most intelligent ③ 不规则变化：

e.g., good --- best bad --- worst

many / much --- most little --- least

2）基本用法：

① 用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一些人或事物中，其中

一个“最……”

② 形容词最高级的前面一般要用定冠词the,即“the +形容词最高级” ③ 形容词最高级+ of + 比较对象

形容词最高级+ in + 比较范围

e.g., She is the best student in our class.

He is the most diligent of the three boys.

④ one of + 形容词的最高级 + 名词复数： “最….之一”

e.g., Harry Potter is one of the most interesting books in the world.

⑤ * 最高级与比较级的转换：最高级=比较级+any other +名词单数+ than

e.g., Whales are the largest animals in the world.

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= Whales are larger than any other animal in the world.

Tony is the tallest in our class.

= Tony is taller than any other student in our class.

2. if 引导的条件状语从句

① if表示如果，用以引导条件状语从句

② 在条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，if从句相应的使用一般现在时，称

为“主将从现”

③ If从句可放在主句前面，亦可放在主句后面。If从句如在主句之前，要使用逗号

“，”隔开

e.g., I will go to visit Yu Garden if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

You will find a lot of interesting places if you go to Shanghai. If there is no rain, we will have no water to clean our clothes.

3. use … to do sth

use … to do sth = use … for doing sth : 用….做某事 e.g., We use knives to cut bread.

= We use knives for cutting bread. What do we use knives to do? = What do we use knives for?

4. 祈使句

肯定句：Do (动词原形) sth…, please! 否定句：Don’t + do(动词原形) +… e.g. Clean the table, please.

Don’t clean the table, please.

5. How can we save water?

We can save water by (not) doing sth

① how引导的特殊疑问句，用来询问方式

e.g., How can you make this model house?

How do you usually go to school?

② by表示“通过……”,后面用-ing形式

e.g., We can save water by fixing dripping taps.

We can save water by not brushing our teeth under a running tap.

C. 近义词

1. intelligent (a.) 聪明的

clever (a.) 聪明的，机灵的 bright (a.) 聪明的，伶俐的 smart (a.) 聪明的，敏捷的 2. name (v.) 说出….的名词: tell the name of ….

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e.g., Can you name the plants and trees in this garden? = Can you tell the name of the plants and trees in this garden? 3. fix (v.) 修理：repair

4. turn off (v.) 关掉: switch off / not turn on

e.g., Don’t turn off the TV.

= Turn on the TV. / Switch off the TV. 5. *almost 几乎，差不多：*nearly

e.g., It’s almost time to go home.

Unit 10

知识点梳理：

I. 词性转换

1. leaf (pl.)—leaves

2. build (v.)—building (n.) –*builder (n.) 3. wood (n.)—wooden (a.)

4. furniture ( uncountable noun) *a piece of furniture 5. die (v.)—dead (a.)

6. lose (v.)-- *loss (n.) –* lost (a. ) 7. plastic (n.)—plastic (a.) 8. wool (n.)— woollen (a.)

9. glass (n.)— a pair of glasses 10. hard (a.) – hard （ad.） 11. feel (v.)—* feeling (n.)

II. 词组

1. cut down trees to make houses 砍下树木来造房子 2. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 3. use sth. to do sth. = use sth for doing 用…来做

4. provide sth. for sb./ sth =provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物 5. be made of 由…制成 6. *be made from 由…制成 7. *be made up of 由…组成 8. make a display board 制作一块展览板 9. read some information about forests 阅读一些关于森林的信息 10. a large area of trees 一大片的树木 11. provide shelter and food for.. 为……提供居所和食物 12. make nests in trees 在树上筑巢 13. cook food with wood 用木头做饭

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14. get wood from forests 15. use wood to make paper 16. get plastic from oil

17. use plastic to make cups 18. get wool from sheep 19. get cotton from plants

20. use wool and cotton to make clothes 21. get oil, metal and clay from the ground 22. use metal to make spoons 23. use clay to make plates 24. get glass from sand

25. use glass to make bottles 26. be important to

III. 句型

从森林得到木头 用木材制纸

从石油中获取塑料 用塑料制作杯子 从羊身上获得羊毛 从植物获得棉花 用羊毛和棉花做衣服 从土地获取石油 用金属制作勺子 用粘土制作盘子 从沙石中获取玻璃 用玻璃制作瓶子 对……重要

1. We get… from..

2. We can use … to make … 3. -- What is it made of? --It’s made of .. 4. – How does it fell?

-- It’s hard and rough/ soft/ smooth.

IV. 语言点/句型

1. provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物

e.g. This restaurant can provide food for 300 people. 这个饭店可以提供300人食物。

此词组还有另外表达方法： provide sb. with sth.

e.g. Trees provide us with wood. 树提供给我们木头。 2. find out 查明，弄清。 区分look for, find 和 find out (1) find 与find out 的区别：

find强调一种客观结果，意为“找到”

e.g. I can’t find my glasses. 我找不到我的眼睛 find out 指主观有意识的动作，意为“查明” e.g. I want to find out who has taken away my glasses.

(2) find out 与look for 的区别： find out （找出、查明）的通常是抽象的事因、复杂的等。 look for(寻找)的通常是具体事务 e.g. I am looking for my glasses. 3. use sth. to do sth. 用。。。做。。。

e.g. We use wood to make paper and furniture. 我们用木材造纸和家具

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We use pans to cook food. 我们用锅做饭。

use sth. to do sth. = use sth for doing sth. 用…来做 e.g. People use bamboo for building. 人们用竹子做建筑材料

4. ----What can we use glass to make? ----We can use glass to make bottles. ----- What can we use … to make? ----- We can use ____ to make _____.

5. 1）be made of 意为“由…制成”。指能看出原材料。

e.g. What’s the skirt made of? 这条裙子是由什么制成的？ The chair is made of wood. 这把椅子是由木头制成的。 2）be made from 意为“由…制成”。 指看不出原材料。 e.g. Paper is made of wood. 纸是由木头制成的。

此外，be made in 意为“在…….地方制造”，后接表示人的名词或代词 e.g. This cake is made by my mother. 这蛋糕是我妈妈做的。 3) be made into 意为“(某物)被制成……”

e.g. Metal can be made into all kinds of things. 金属可以制成各种各样的物品。

6. 形容词的构成： 名词加上词缀变成形容词。本文中有的表示材料的名词加上特定的后缀变为形容词。 1）名词+en,表示由……制成。 如wool 变成woollen, wood 变成wooden, gold 变成golden。

2）名词+ful, 如，beauty变成beautiful, care 变成careful, help 变成helpful。 3）名词+less, 表示”无，没有”。 如use 变成useless, care 变成careless。 4）名词+y, 如：sun 变成sunny, fun 变成funny, cloud 变为cloudy等。 7．How does it feel?

It’s hard/rough/soft/smooth What is it made of? It’s made of__________ What is it?

It’s a wooden/woollen/cotton/metal/clay/plastic/glass_________ 1.control fire 控制火灾 2.be careful with 当心 3.start a fire 生火

4.in many different ways 在许多方面 5.use fire to melt metals 用火融化金属

6.make things of different shapes 生产不同形状的东西 7.careless people 粗心的人们 8.be seriously injured 受重伤

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9.lose their lives and homes 失去生命和家园 10.breathing equipment 呼吸设备 11.in smokey places 在有烟的地方 12.during the fire drill 在消防演习期间 13.a fire alarm 火灾警报 14.fire extinguisher 灭火器 15.on the ground floor 在一楼

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