外研版高中英语必修二Word版

Now write two more sentences about your diet or healthy habits. ^ Read the English proverbs.

1 一

|i|

• You are what you eat.

• Healthy mind in a healthy body.

• Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.

• An apple a day keeps the doctor away.

◎ Now answer the questions.

The people in this photo ran 42 kilometres. Not many people are fit enough to do this.

1 Can you think of any Chinese proverbs connected with health? 2 Can you translate them into English?

VOCABULARY AND READING B

Look at these words and answer the questions. anxious break (an arm)injury pain painful captainnormal fever injuresweets 1 Which word is connected with food? 2 Which words are connected with the body? 3 Which word means usual or ordinatyl 4 Which word means leader!

5 Which word means worried about something that may happen!

(jQ) Read Zhou Kai (1). Answer these questions.

1 Why is Zhou Kai*s mother anxious? 2 What does she think will happen? 3 What does she ask him to do?

ZhouKal (1)------------

When Zhou Kafs mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. “Zhou Kai, where are you going?” she asked.

M

To the park. Fm going to play football,\" said Zhou Kai.

“But it’s raining! You’ll catch a bad cold,” said his mother.

H

No, I won't. I'll be fine,\" said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door.

M

Zhou Kai, youll get ill. You know you will. You can at

least go and get your jacket.\"

“OK，OK.” Zhou Kai went and did as he was told.

Read Zhou Kai (2). Answer these questions.

1 How are passages 1 and 2 connected?

2 Does Zhou Kai have a healthy lifestyle, in your opinion? Write three or four sentences saying why or why not.

Ihou Kai (2)

get things like flu either. Last winter almost all my classmates got flu — but 1 didn’t. I think I don’t get these things because I take a lot of exercise and am very fit. Two years ago I broke my arm playing football. The injury was quite painful and I couldn’t move my arm for a month 一 I hated that. So as you can see from what I’ve said, Tm a normal kind of person. But therms one thing I really love 一 I’m crazy about football. Tm captain of the class team at school and Fm also a member of the Senior High team. Because of this, I make sure that I have a good diet, and as IVe said, this isn't a problem because my mother feeds us so well.

My mother has always made sure we eat very healthily, and fresh fruit and vegetables are a very important part of our diet. We live near the sea and we have fish about four times a week. We don’t eat much fat or sugar. A lot of my school friends eat sweets every day but Tm lucky because I don't have a sweet tooth — I’d rather eat a nice piece of fruit. And I’m not too heavy, so I never have to diet, or anything like that.

I'm quite healthy. I very rarely get colds, although, unusually for me, I had a bad cold and a bit of a fever last week. But that’s because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain. I don't often

i^) Read Zhou Kai (2) again. Choose the correct answers.

1 Zhou Kai’s family _______ .

avoid eating too much fat or sugar 2 Zhou Kai _______ •

sometimes gets colds and flu 3 A week ago, Zhou Kai ________ (a caught a cold

4 Two years ago, Zhou Kai ______ (a hurt his leg

5 Zhou Kai describes himself as — (a) crazy

eat a lot of vegetables，fruit and meat (b) seldom gets colds or flu (b) injured his arm while

playing football.

(b) hurt his arm

(b) someone who loves football

Complete these sentences using one of the words and expressions from the passage. You may need to change the form of the word or expression.

1 Do you think that a ___________ arm is very painful? 2 When was the last time you had a bad ___________ ?

3 I have a friend who often ___________ because she wants to be thinner.

4 I hurt my leg while playing football. Because of this ____________ f I had to miss school for a week.

5 _________ is an illness in which you get a cold and a fever.

6 If you exercise a lot and eat well, then you are probably very ____________ .

SPEAKING 1

Work in pairs. Talk about your answers to Vocabulary and speaking activity 2 in Introduction.

(^) Work in groups of three or four. Decide on the five most important things you should or shouldn't do

in order to stay healthy. Then put them in order of importance.

Example: You should take a lot of exercise. I think that's the most important thing.

FUNCTION Talking about the future

^ Look at these sentences from Zhou Kai (1) in

Vocabulary and reading. Choose the correct answer.

1 “You’ll catch a bad cold/’ said his mother. 2 \" Til be said Zhou Kai, as he opened the door.-. 3 “Zhou Kai, you’ll get ill，you know you will.” Do these sentences... A make a prediction? B talk about an intention?

yZ^Eva/uate

nd〇fyourself as

^^ ^attentive was I 9 ,C

㈣卢，J0

•H〇w much did//ear

^ksoutoften:

example；

Attentiveness. 7

❹ Complete the sentences with these verbs.

be become fall get hurt

Example: Go to bed now or you _______________

really tired tomorrow.

Go to bed now or you 7/ be really tired tomorrow.

1 The doctors are going to examine my leg. I think it 2 Take more exercise and you _____________ really fit. 3 Don’t eat so many sweets. You _____________ fat! 4 Eat well and you ___________ always _____________ healthy.

5 Don’t climb that wall. You ______________ and break your leg!

GRAMMAR1 Nouns used as verbs

0)

Look at the verbs in bold. What are the nouns of these verbs?

A When Zhou Kai's mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.

B And Pm not overweight so I never have to diet.

參 Complete the sentences using the words as verbs.

| finger hand house mother taste |

Example: Stop mothering me! I'm not a child.

1 This apartment __________ six people and a dog. 2 ______________ She the silk gently. 3 ___________ It really delicious. 4 Can you __________ me those papers?

LISTENING AND VOCABULARY E3

Complete the sentences. Use these words describing parts of the body.

chest heart lung stomach throat

1 When we breathe, the air goes into our 2 The __________ sends blood round the body. 3 Your _________ is inside your neck. 4 Your lungs are inside your ___________ • 5 When we eat, food goes into the ___________ .

參 Answer the questions about these words.

breathe have a temperature pneumonia prescription symptom X-ray

Which words mean ...?

1 a photograph of inside the body

2 something shows that you have an illness 3 to take air in and out of your lungs

4 an illness in which your chest hurts when you breathe 5 to be hot when you are ill

6 a piece of paper on which a doctor writes down the medicine a sick person needs

iQ) Read the sentences and decide who says them. Tick D (doctor) or P (patient).

A In fact, I feel awful.

B My chest hurts when I breathe.

C How long have you had the temperature? D Yes, Fve got a sore throat and a cough.

E Can you lie down, please, and Til examine you? F We may need to take you into hospital. G F11 write you a prescription.

H And how are you planning to get home now? I How long will I be off work?

Now listen to the conversation and check your answers. ^ Listen again. Answer these questions.

1 What is the matter with Mr Chen? 2 What does the doctor say he will do?

◎ Listen again and correct the mistakes in these sentences.

1 I’ve got a temperature of 37 \"C. 2 Can you breathe deeply?

3 Well, Pm sorry, but you've probably got pneumonia. 4 My sister’s going to visit her this afternoon. 5 My wife's going to pick me up in half an hour. 6 I should imagine about three weeks, at least.

Match the health problems with the symptoms.

li

How long have you had the

temperature^*

1 pain in a tooth

broken arm cough migraine sore throat stomachache toothache

2 your arm hurts and you can't move it

3 a very bad headache in which you don't like the light 4 you make a noise with your throat 5 pain in your stomach 6 pain in your throat

Which of these problems have you had?

Example: /Ve had a sore throat. I've never had a broken

GRAMMAR 2 Will / be going to for future actions

Work in pairs. Look at these sentences and phrases from the listening passage in Listening and vocabulary. Complete the sentences with will or be going to.

1 Can you lie down, please, and HI examine you? 2 ril write you a prescription.

3 My wife's going to visit her this afternoon.

4 My wife's going to pick me up in a quarter of an hour. 5 And Til ring the hospital.

A You use _______________ when the speaker decides to do something as he speaks. B You use _______________ when someone has decided to do something before.

參 Complete these sentences. Use be going to or will.

Example: Fve got a bad headache. I think I _______________ lie down.

I’ve got a bad headache. I think I’ll lie down.

1 My son has a pain in his stomach and ______________ have an X-ray.

2 Ifs ten o'clock and Tve got a headache. I think I _______________ take an aspirin. 3 I’ve thought about it a lot and I ______________ start diet tomorrow. I want to lose weight. 4 My daughter has decided to study medicine. She _______________ be a doctor. 5 Oh no, my medicine is almost finished! I ______________ ask the doctor for another prescription.

6 The doctor saw me today and _______________ see me again next week. 7 My best friend is in hospital but _____________ come out tomorrow. 8 Ifs cold outside. I think I _______________ wear my coat

PRONUNCIATION Liaison B|

Listen and mark the sounds which are linked.

1 My chest hurts. 2 I’ve got a temperature. 3 PH write you a prescription. 4 Pick me up at the hospital. 5 I’ll be off work for a week. 6 She will visit you tiiis afternoon.

SPEAKING 2

Now listen again and repeat the answers.

Work in pairs. Student A chooses a health problem and describes the symptoms. Student B asks about it and offers help.

Example: Student A: Say the name of your illness.

I think I’ve got pneumonia.

StudentB: Ask why.

Why? What are your symptoms?

Student A: Describe your symptoms.

I've got a high temperature and my chest hurts when I breathe. Student B:

Ask what student A is going to do.

Oh dear! What are you going to do?

Student A: Reply.

I'm going to stay in bed and ask the doctor to visit me.

Student B: Say how you will help.

I'll ring the doctor for you.

EVERYDAY ENGLISH

Choose the right answer.

1 Terrific! means _____________ . (i Wonderful (b) Quite good

2 ____________________________ To be off work means . (a) not to go to work (b) to stay longer at work

3 _________________________ Oh dear! means friend

4 ___________________________________ That couldn't be better means excellent news (b) Well done

5 I have a sweet tooth means _____________ . (a) I like sweet things (b) I have toothache 6 ___________________________________ I’m cr〇2y about football means . (a) I love football (b) Football is crazy

•⑻ That’s

. (a) That’s bad news (b) My good

WRITING

0)

Put these sentences in the right order to make a paragraph.

a He said that chocolate and cheese can often give you migraine. b I see lights in front of my eyes and I have to sleep in a dark room. c He examined me and asked me questions about my symptoms. don^ get migraines any more. I feel great! f I am a sixteen-year-old boy.

g So I stopped eating chocolate and cheese.

□ □

匚]

d For three years, I have had very bad headaches about three or four times a month. □ e And now I

□ □ □

h Two months ago I went to see a doctor about my headaches. □

Write a paragraph about a small health problem that you have had.

1 Begin with some information about yourself. 2 Say what the problem was.

3 Explain what you did or what happened. 4 Explain how things ended.

CULTURAL CORNER E3

Read about the health care system in three different countries. Answer the

question.

Which health care system do you think is the best? Write two or three sentences explaining why.

The health care system of a country is very important and different countries have different ways of paying for it. Britain was the first country in the world to have a free health care system paid for by the government. Health care is free for everyone living in Britain. Most doctors and nurses work for the government and most hospitals are owned by the government. Until recently

this

system

was

very

successful but recently there have been problems. This is because the government has not put enough money into the health service. As a result, more people are using private health insurance. They see doctors who work for themselves and pay the doctors through the health insurance company. In America the system is very different. Most people have private health Insurance. Doctors work for themselves and hospitals are privately owned. The health

Canada has a different system again. Health care is free. Doctors work privately and hospitals are privately owned. When you become ill, medical fees are paid for by the government. insurance

company

pays the doctors and the hospitals. The problem with this system is that poorer people don’t have the money to pay for private insurance. As

a result, they often have both health and money problems.

health

TASK Preparing a survey about healthy living

Work in groups. Think of at least five questions about a healthy lifestyle and do a survey with five other students.

Example: How much fruit do you eat?

How much sleep do you get?

(j^) Collect all the questions and write one long questionnaire.

⑬ Work in pairs. Take turns to read out and answer the questionnaire.

MODULE FILE Words to learn

In this module, you have learnt; • Will Deciding to do something at the time

of speaking

• Be going to Used for intention of future action

anxious breathe captain dentist fat (n) fever flu (influenza) get / catch a cold have a temperature injure injury lung migraine normal pain painful pneumonia

prescription rare sore throat symptom throat toothache unhealthy wealthy X-ray

Words to revise Liaison

break (an arm) broken arm chest cough diet fit health heart stomach stomachache sweets

Nouns used as verbs The future simple tense

Terrific! to be off woric Oh dear!

That couldn’t be better. I have a sweet tooth. Pm crazy about (football).

•臓 Prediction

INTRODUCTION Vocabulary and speaking

Read Facts About Smoking. Choose the answers you think are correct.

Facts flhout Smoking

1 During the 1990s, (21 thousand/21 million) people died as a result of smoking cigarettes.

2 A quarter of young people who smoke more than (10 / 20) cigarettes a day will die prematurely as a result of smoking.

3 In the United Kingdom, smoking causes (12,000 /121,000) deaths a year. 4 Thirteen people die (every hour / every day) from illnesses related to smoking tobacco, such as cancer, bronchitis and heart disease.

5 Every year, about {20 / 200) people are killed and (200/2,000) are seriously injured in fires caused by smoking.

^ Find words in the box which mean:

1 2 3 4 5 the end of life stop living

two things some people smoke three illnesses hurt _____

bronchitis cancer cigarette death die heart disease injured tobacco Discuss these questions with other students.

1 Why do people smoke cigarettes?

2 Where do people smoke? Where can't they smoke? 3 Is there any anti-smoking advertising in China?

READING AND VOCABULARY B

Look up these words in a dictionary and predict why they are used in articles about drug use. ，^, Read the opening paragraphs of two different articles and decide what the topic of each article

is. Choose the topic from this list.

addictive blood pressure break into cannabis crack cocaine danger drug addict drug dealer heart attack heart rate immediately increase inject needle powerful reduce

I I A Drug Addict and His Story I I Dangerous Activities of Teenagers I I The Dangers of Using Cocaine Article 1

iy name is Adam Rouse. Tin 19 years old and I used to be a drug addict. I first started using drugs when I was 15. I bought cannabis from a man in the street. I continued to buy cannabis from the same man for about six months. One day, he offered me some crack cocaine.

Article 2

參 Learning to learn

Very often the [theme or purpose of an article comes in the first

ocaine is a powerfully addictive drug. Some drug users inject cocaine, others smoke it. Both ways are dangerous.

Users who inject the drug are also in more danger if they paragraph, usually as the first or last share needles with other users. sentence. Remember to record these

‘topic” sdntences carefully

^1 Choose the correct meaning of these words.

understand th(

1 If a drug is addictive, does it mean that (a) you can easily stop taking it or (b) you cannot stop taking it? 2 Does erful mean (a) very strong or (b) very weak? 3 If something

b order ta

, does it (a) get bigger or (b) get smaller?

4 Is a drug deuk someone who (a) sells drugs or (b) uses drugs?

^ Read parts 1 —6 and decide which article they belong to. 1

cocaine much more easily if they smoke it. Smoking allows cocaine to reach the brain Crack cocaine is the most addictive form of very quickly.

cocaine. Users become addicted to crack 2

When I went back to the man again, 1 wanted more crack cocaine. But he asked me for a lot of money. I didn't have enough money so he didn^ give me any drugs. I was in terrible pain.

3

Using cocaine increases the user's heart rate and blood pressure. As a result, cocaine users sometimes have heart attacks. Smoking crack cocaine also causes anti-social behaviour.

5

The next day, I broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder. I took them to the drug dealer. He told me to take them to a shop in a nearby street. The man in the shop gave me some money. I took the money to the drug dealer and he gave me some more crack cocaine.

By this time, I was addicted to crack cocaine. If I didn't have any drugs, I was in terrible pain. And I had to steal something every day to pay for the drugs. One day, the police took me to the police station. 6

The next day, a doctor came to see me. He

told me that I could die if I didn't stop taking crack cocaine, so I took his advice and stopped immediately. Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs.

□□□□□□□□

Read the articles again and decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

1 Cocaine can be smoked and also injected.

2 People who inject cocaine arc in more danger if they share needles.

3 Cocaine makes your heart go more slowly.

4 Smoking crack cocaine can change people's behaviour.

Complete these questions and answers about Adam Rouse.

1 ____________ was Adam Rouse when he started using drugs? ____ 2 Which drug ____________ first? _________________ • 3 Who _____________ it from? ________________________ • 4 What was the second drug that the man ____________ ? _______ 5 How did Adam pay for the drugs? ________________ .

6 What did the police do? They took Adam_____________________ 7 Did Adam take the doctor's advice? ___________________ . 8 Where ___________ work now? ___________________________

GRAMMAR 1 The infinitive of purpose

Match the uses of the word to with the sentences.

A To indicates arrangement. B To indicates purpose. C To follows certain verbs.

1 I stole something every day to pay for the drugs. 2 Teacher Wang is to meet us this afternoon. 3 He told me to take them to a shop in a nearby street.

4 I continued to buy cannabis £rom the same man for about six months.

Look at these sentences.

How many of them break the law in order to pay for their drugs? Adam went to the man so as to buy cannabis.

Now complete the sentences. Use in order to or so as to.

1 He broke into a house _______________________________________________ . 2 A lot of people visit the centre ________________________________________ • 3 ___________________________________________________________ Drug users have to steal things _______________________________________________ . 4 ___________________________________________________________ The government is starting an advertising campaign _____________________________ .

Look at these sentences.

I took the doctor's advice in order not to continue taking drugs. I refused to take the drug so as not to become addicted.

Now complete the sentences with so as (not) to or //? order (not) to.

1 She stopped smoking be fit.

2 He read the article about cocaine ______________________ learn about the problem. 3 The government put up the price of cigarettes ______________________ stop people buying them.

4 The police went to the house ______________________ arrest the drug dealer. 5 She doesn’t go out with people who smoke ________________ start smoking again.

FUNCTION Talking about results

Read the following sentences.

1 The doctor told Adam that he could die if he didn,t slop taking crack cocaine, so Adam took the doctor's advice and stopped immediately.

2 About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result of smoking. 3 As a result, cocaine users sometimes have heart attacks.

Now complete the sentences with sof as a result or as a result of.

1 Adam knew that taking drugs was bad, ____________________ he stopped. 2 He stopped taking drugs ____________________ meeting the doctor.

3 Adam met a doctor who explained the problem. ______________________ , he stopped taking cocaine.

4 Crack cocaine is very addictive, ___________________ users cannot easily stop using it. 5 He was extremely ill ____________________ taking crack cocaine.

6 He became addicted to crack cocaine, ____________________ he became very ill.

LISTENING AND VOCABULARY

4» Check the meaning of these words and answer the questions.

1 Which word refers to somewhere that you can buy things?

activity break the law burglary connection crime criminal estimate illegal ratio shoplifting shopping centre treatment 2 Which one means that something is against the law? 3 Which word describes someone who breaks the law? 4 Which one is the crime of stealing from a shop?

5 Which one is the crime of stealing from a house? 1 Is the woman in the studio a police officer? 2 Is she sure about the number of people who steal to pay for drugs?

3 Do drug users only steal from shops? 4 Do all drug users attend treatment centres? 5 Are most drug users young men?

,0) Listen again and complete these sentences.

1 It*s possible that a hundred thousand people steal in order to _ 2 Some of them behave so badly that members of the public __ 3 Some people feel so nervous when they sec drug users that they

4 There are such a lot of people that there isn*t time ________ 5 Drug users are more likely to _________________________

GRAMMAR 2 Adverbial clause of result

o

Read these sentences.

1 Taking drugs is so dangerous! 2 They are behaving so badly! 3 Adam was such an unhappy boy!

4 Some people feel so nervous that they call the police. 5 It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died.

6 It was such loud music that we couldn't hear ourselves speak.

Now answer the questions.

1 What kind of words follow so? 2 What kind of words follow such?

Complete these sentences with so or such (a).

1 The drug was _______ dangerous that __________________ 2 Cocaine is _______ expensive that _____________________ 3 They were _______ addictive drugs that ________________ 4 Adam was _______ unhappy that ______________________ 5 The drug user was shouting ______ loudly that the police arrested him.

6 ___________________ Drug dealers are dangerous persons that people are afraid of them.

PRONUNCIATION Intonation of mood and feeling E3

Listen to this sentence. Decide if the speaker is : (a) surprised (b) angry (c) happy (d) sad

The music is so loud!

Now repeat the sentence with different intonation to show your mood or feeling.

SPEAKING

Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.

1 2 3 4 Has anyone been to your school to talk about the dangers of smoking? Are your friends and family mainly smokers or non-smokers?

What is the public attitude to smoking in the place where you live?

Do you think you will be a smoker when you leave school and start work?

WRITING

Read this email from a student in the US. Choose the correct subject for the 一 email survey from

these three suggestions.

□ 1 Public transport □ 2 Smoking □ 3 Things which are against the 】aw

M«nu Compose Search

Dear Zhou Kai,

How are you? We*re doing a class survey and I have to write emails to all my

pen friends in other countries. I hope you don't mind answering these questions.

1 Do most adults smoke in China?

2 In most states in the US, it is now against the law to smoke in public

buildings, such as banks and offices, on public transport and in restaurants and cafts.

Is it the same in China?

3 Is the government planning to change the law about smoking in public? Hope you can answer my three questions! Best wishes, Paul

R«ply R«plyAli | Fofwaoj I

PovmdbylMal. ------------------------------------------------------------ 丨

^j) Write a reply and answer his questions. Ask similar questions to him.

Example: What do people in your country think about the laws against smoking?

EVERYDAY ENGLISH

^j) Read the expressions you can use when you agree or disagree with someone.

Write numbers to indicate how strong the agreement or disagreement is.

1 = strong agreement 2 = agreement 3 = disagreement 4 = strong disagreement

^ Work with a partner. Practise this conversation. Complete the sentences with expressions from

Example: I agree with you.

Absolutely! 1 2 3 4 5

I don't agree with you. I totally agree with you. I couldn’t agree more.

Pm not sure I agree with that. That’s right.

0 □ □ □□ □ 6 7 8 9 That’s a good point. □Tm not sure about that. □□You can’t be serious.

□I completely disagree.

activity 1.

Girl: The government is thinking about banning smoking on public transport. I think it’s a

good idea.

Boy: (1) ________________________ • I think it’s a very good idea. Girl: Buses and trains will be much nicer places as a result, I think.

Boy: (2) ________________________ . Travelling by bus will be a more pleasant experience.

Girl: I think it would be good if they banned smoking in restaurants and cafts as well. Boy: (3) ________________________ ! That would be an excellent idea. Girl: It isn't very nice if someone is smoking at the next table. Boy: (4) ________________________ • It’s horrible!

Girl: In fact, I think it would be a good idea to ban smoking in parks as well. Boy: (5) ________________________ . It isn't so bad when people smoke in parks. Girl: No, you’re wrong. On a bus or in a park — it’s all the same.

Boy: (6) ________________________ . Smoking in a park doesn't affect other people in the

same way.

Girl: Pm sorry, I think it does. In fact, I think smoking should be banned in peopled homes as

well.

Boy: (7) ________________________ !

Listen and compare your answers. Don't worry if you choose different answers.

CULTURAL CORNER B

Read the passage and answer these questions.

Which of the four Ds do you think is the best idea? Which of the other ideas do you like best?

Do you think you would follow this advice if you were a smoker?

Stop Smoking Now

I n almost every US city and town, there are local organisations to help people stop smoking. Participants learn to recognise smoking triggers (things that start them smoking) and they try to set a date in the future when they will stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful is the California Smokers’ Helpline. Here is an extract from one of their leaflets.

When you really want a cigarette —try the four Ds:

1 Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you won’t want to smoke.

2 Distraction: Whatever you're doing when you want to smoke — do something else! For example, if you’re alone, find someone to talk to. If you're sitting down, take a short walk.

3 Drink water: If you drink water, you

- We Can Help!

reduce the need to have something in your mouth.

4 Deep breathing: Breathe in slowly and deeply. Count to five when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times. And here are some ideas to help people to give up smoking:

1 Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don’t see those people and don’t go to those places!

2 Set a date when you’re going to stop: Choose a time when you will be relaxed but also too busy to think about smoking.

3 Keep busy: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short

walk, talk with a

friend.

4 Develop new interests: Exercise 一 walking, biking, jogging, swimming, or taking a gymnastic class — helps you to forget about cigarettes.

TASK Preparing a presentation on the dangers of smoking

Work in groups. Make a list of the dangers of smoking. Use information from news items that you have seen in magazines or on TV.

Discuss the items in your list with other members of your group.

^j) Discuss these questions.

1 What is the biggest danger of smoking for people where you live?

2 What are the personal experiences of the people in the group? (e.g. home life, travelling on buses and trains)

3 What are the best ideas for giving up smoking in Cultural Comer?

4^ Prepare a presentation for the rest of the class based on your discussions.

In this module, you have learnt:

^2SI!2S3P

Talking about results

Words to learn

addictive blood pressure bronchitis burglary cancer cannabis cigarette connection crack cocaine crime criminal danger drug addict drug dealer estimate heart attack heart disease heart rate illegal immediately increase inject injured needle powerful ratio reduce shoplifting shopping centre tobacco treatment

Intonation of mood and feeling

Words to revise

activity break into break the law die

death

The infijoitive of purpose Adverbial clause of result

I agree with you. Absolutely!

1 don’t agree with you. I totally agree with you! I couldn’t agree more.

Tm not sure I agree with that. That’s right.

That’s a good point. I'm not sure about that. You can’t be serious! I completely disagree.

INTRODUCTION Vocabulary and speaking

❹ Read these words and answer the questions.

1 Which word means someone who writes music?

audience choir classical composer conductor drum erhu

instrument jazz

rock saxophone

musician violin

piano pop

guitarorchestra

2 Which word means a group of people who sing together? 3 Which instruments are used in pop and rock music? 4 Which instruments are used in classical music? 5 Which instruments are used in jazz?

6 Which instruments are used in traditional Chinese music?

㉓ Work in groups. Discuss these questions about the instruments in the photographs.

1 Which of the instruments do you like listening to? 2 Which famous musicians play them?

3 Is the Chinese instrument different from the other instruments? Describe the difference, if there is one.

READING AND VOCABULARY E3

(j0) Decide which of these words you expect to see in a passage about music.

court director musical peasant symphony genius harpsichord impressed lose piece (of music) singer successful teenager talent 錄 Read the passage quickly and choose the best title.

□ □ □

Three Great Austrian Composers

Three Great Composers of the Eighteenth Century Three Great Child Composers

J oseph Haydn Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 —1791) was

(1732 - 1809) was an

Austrian

composer and is known as “the father of the symphony

M

a composer, possibly the greatest musical genius of all time. He only lived 35 years and he composed more than 600 pieces of music. Mozart was

Austria. father and

His

.

Leopold orchestra

had

Other composers had written sy mphonies before Haydn, but

he changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra.

He was bom in a village in Austria, the son of a peasant. He had a beautiful singing voice. After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria, where he became director of music. Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.

was a musician conductor. Wolfgang musical talent from a very early

Mozart

age. He learthe

to play

harpsichord when he was four, he started composing music when he was five, and when he was six, he played the harpsichord in a concert for the Empress of Austria.

By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras. While he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star and toured Europe giving concerts. Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with him.

u

impressed by the older man. After they had known each other for many years, Beethoven said, uHe is a good composer, but he has taught me nothing.However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.

He is the greatest composer the world has Beethoven became very popular in the Austrian capital and stayed there for the rest of his life. As he grew older, he began to go deaf. He became completely

deaf

during the last years of his life, but he continued composing.

known,” he said. The two were friends until Mozart's death in 1791.

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 —1827) was bom in Bonn, Germany. He showed musical talent when he was very young, and learned to play the violin and piano from his father, who was a singer. Mozart met Beethoven and was impressed by him. \"He will give something wonderful to the world,” he said.

Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not

Read the passage again and answer the questions.

Which of the composers ... 1 were bora in Austria? 2 was bom in Germany? 3 had a good singing voice? 4 died before his fortieth birthday?

Work in pairs. Answer these questions.

1 How did Haydn change the form of symphonies? 2 How long did he work in eastern Austria? 3 How many pieces of music did Mozart compose?

4 How old was he when he played for the Empress of Austria? 5 How long were Mozart and Haydn friends? 6 Who taught Beethoven how to play the piano?

7 Did he stop composing when he became deaf?

Beethoven

5 became deaf? 6 met each other?

7 had fathers who were musicians? 8 had a father who wasn^ a musician?

<^) Discuss these questions with the class.

1 Had you heard of any of these composers before you read the passage? 2 Is it important to know anything about classical music?

3 Is Chinese classical music different from European classical music? If so, can you explain

how?

GRAMMAR 1 Adverbial clause of time

❹ Read the sentences and answer the questions.

1 When it was performed in America, there was an audience of 100,000 people. 2 When he was veryyoungt Mozart had a lot of musical talent. 3 While he was still a teenager, he was a big star. 4 As he grew older, he began to go deaf.

A Which of the sentences refers to a single event in the past? B Which of them refers to a period of time in the past? C Which of them refers to a progressive change?

Match the two parts of the sentences.

1 When Mozart was very young, 2 By the time he was a teenager, 3 While he was in Vienna, 4 As Beethoven grew older,

(a) he found it more difficult to compose good music. (b) he leamt to play the harpsichord. (c) he performed for the Empress.

(d) he was performing concerts all over Europe.

▲

❻ Read the notes about the composer Tan Dun and make sentences similar to those in activity 2.

Tan Dun:

• bom on 18th August, 1957

• early childhood with his grandmother in the countryside

• In the mid-1970s, lived in Hunan Province, planting rice; collected folk songs and music ® 1978: attended Central Conservatory of Music; heard western music for the first time

WRITING

Read the o email.

^IL

Main

My name is Sandra and I live in Oxford. I sing in the school choir and I play the violin in the school orchestra. I like music very much，all kinds of music — classical, rock, jazz ... but my favourite kind of music is classical music. My mother is a good musician — she can play the violin and the piano. My father can*t play a musical instrument but he can sing quite well. I have a little brother, but he can't sing and he can't play a musical instrument. He likes rock music — very loud rock music.

RapV I Rapty All I Fowenl I OaMa 1

Move lo 1 Draft t 1

Now answer the questions and write down your replies.

1 What kind of music do you like? 2 What kind of music don't you like? 3 When and how do you listen to music?

4 Are you musical? Can you sing or play a musical instrument?

FUNCTION Talking about likes and dislikes

Complete the questionnaire.

1 What is your favourite kind of music? • • • •

Traditional Chinese music Rock / Pop music Jazz Classical

is great! wonderful!

f hate • Other ___________ (please write the name)

2 If you like traditional Chinese music ... • who is your favourite performer?

• which is your favourite piece of music? 3 If you like classical music ...

who is your favourite composer? which

is your favourite piece of music?

4 If you like rock / pop or jazz ...

who is your favourite performer? which is your favourite piece of music?

LISTENING AND VOCABULARY E3

雜 Look at the photograph of the Beatles.

Answer these questions.

1 Have you ever heard of the Beatles? If so, what do you know about them?

2 How old do you think the photo is? Was it taken recently? How do you know?

Check the meaning of these words and answer the questions. album lyrics ballad solo artist band catchy complex influence split up tune 1 If a song is , do people remember it or forget it after they hear it? 2 Does the word : / △ refer to the words or the music of a song? 3 If the words of a song are

, are they easy or difficult to understand?

4 Does the word han, mean one person or more than one? 5 If a band is in/lut r by another band, do they like them or not? 6 Do rock and roll bands usually sing ^alicu ?

Listen and decide if these sentences are true (T) or false (F).

□ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □

1 Three of the Beatles played guitar.

2 The Beatles all come from different places in England. 3 Americans liked the Beatles when they toured for the first time. 4 After visiting India, the Beatles changed their instruments. 5 They sold more albums than any other rock band.

(^) Listen again and make notes about these songs and albums.

Example: Love Me Do — catchy

1 Nowhere Man _________________ 3 Strawberry Fields Forever _ 2 Yesterday ____________________ 4 Let It Be

GRAMMAR 2 The past perfect tense 1^01 Read these extracts and answer the questions.

1 After they had become stars in their own country, the Beatles toured the United States. 2 Before they visited India, they had recorded seven albums.

A Which came first — becoming stars in their own country, or touring the United States? B Which came first — visiting India or recording seven albums?

C What tense do we use to show that a past event happened before another one?

㉓ Read these sentences and answer the questions.

1 2

By the late 1960s, their music had changed completely. In the late 1960s, their music changed completely.

By the time they stopped working together, they had sold more albums than any other band in history.

When they stopped working together, they sold more albums than any other band in history.

A Whafs the difference in meaning between the and sentences? B Is the sequence of events different?

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.

_____________ (join) the Beatles, he ______

1 Before Ringo

another band.

(tour) America, the Beatles 2 Before they —

in their own country.

(record) Let It Be, the Beatles 3 Before they _________

eleven other albums.

(record) Let It Be, the band 4 After they _________

(split up), all the Beatles After the group

solo artists.

(play) drums in _ (become) stars _____ (record) (split up). _ (perform) as

Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.

at the show after the Unfortunately, he

I ___________ . (arrive) (leave)

2 ______________________ By the time we __________________________ at the stadium, the

band ___________ playing, (arrive) (begin) 3 Fortunately, the power cut _____________after

stadium, (happen) his the fans (leave)

latest album, he

4 Before he

some songs with Paul McCartney.

(make) (record)

Making notes and from your notes important aspe

__learnings—Try_±a

some words or parts of your no1

^ngnsFTn^¥a^ing

your notes in Engli also helpful. ____ PRONUNCIATION Intonation B

Listen to the answers to Grammar 2 activity 4. Mark J when the speaker's voice rises, and、

when it falls.

Now say the sentences aloud. Use the correct intonation. EVERYDAY ENGLISH ❹ Read these sentences. Tick the sentences that are true for you.

E3

1

I like listening to music …

on CDs. on the radio. (c) on MTV.

on MP3.

2 I’ve got.

a Walkman.

an MP3.

3 I can’t afford to buy a Discman.

4

I download music from the Internet.

㉓ Listen to two people, Tom and Anna, talking about the way they listen to music and answer the questions. 1 How do they listen to it? 2 Are they happy with the way they listen to music?

3 What does Anna offer to do for Tom? Read these words and say why Tom or Anna used them.

Cool! No way! Really? Excellent!

◎ Work in pairs. Discuss your favourite music and how you listen to it.

a CD Discman.

CULTURAL CORNER B

砂 Work in pairs. Say what you already know about Ye Xiaogang.

Read the text and make a note of any new information.

Ye Xiaogang

丫

e Xiaogang，who was born in 1955, is

Answer these questions. western

forms

and

one of a group of Chinese composers known as the New Tide. He writes symphonies and pieces for smaller groups of musicians. He also writes film music. He showed musical ability at an early age and began studying piano when he was four years old.

From 1978 till 1983, he studied at the Central Conservatory of Music of China. After graduation, he worked there as a lecturer.

In 1985, there was a concert of Ye Xiaogangrs symphonies in Beijing. From that time, he has been one of the leading modern composers of Chinese classical music. In 1986, his album

for mixing Chinese musical traditions with

instrumentation.

Ye is a member of the Beijing music group Eclipse. Eclipse is perhaps the first independent music group in China which plays works by modern Chinese composers. In November 1996, the group played with Italian musician Enrico Rava at the Beijing International Jazz Festival.

Ye Xiaogang has received many prizes, in China and in other countries. Since 1993, he has worked part of the time in Beijing and part of the time in the US. He’s a professor of music at the Central Conservatory of Music of China, and composes pieces for the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra.

Horizon appeared and his music was

played at the First Contemporary Chinese Composers* Festival in Hong Kong. He is famous

1 Are there any similarities between Ye Xiaogang and the European composers you have read about in this module?

2 Do you think it is a good idea to mix Chinese and western music?

TASK

Presenting a biography of a famous Chinese musician or compos

Work in groups. Present a biography of a famous musician or composer. Use these notes to help you.

1 Read the notes about the famous composers in this module.

2 Make notes about the composer you want to talk about. Tiy to use the time egressions in Grammar 1. 3 Find photographs and news items about the composer. Each person in the group can talk about something different about the composer. For example: • the person’s work

biographical details — when he / she was bora; where he / she studied

• his / her family and home life

In this module, you have

MODULE FILE

Adverbial clause of time

album ballad catchy choir complex conductor court director genius harpsichord

lose lyrics teenager tune

impressed influence peasant

saxophone

Whoij while and as clauses

The past perfect tense

Talking about likes and dislikes

singer solo artist split up symphony talent

Intonation

Words to revise

audience band classical composer

Cool! No way! Really? Excellent!

drum er/ui guitar instrument jazz musician musical orchestra piece (of music) pop piano rock successful violin

learnt:

Words to learn

fine flrts-Ulestern, Chinese and Pop Arts INTRODUCTION Vocabulary and speaking

❹ Work in pairs and answer the questions.

1 Are you interested in art?

2 Can you name a great nineteenth-century Chinese artist? 3 Do you like traditional Chinese art using brush and ink?

Use these words to help you.

artist art gallery brush colourful contemporary delightful draw drawing ink paint painter painting scene traditional

録 Look at the paintings.

• Say which one you prefer. • Give it a title.

• Write two or three sentences saying what you think about it.

READING AND VOCABULARY B

Match these words and phrases with the definitions.

alive aspect imitate (art) movement observe ordinary reality style 1 the way in which something is done 2 to watch carefully

3 a style of painting adopted by a group of artists 4 to copy

5 living or full of life 6 not special or unusual

7 one of the separate parts of something 8 the way something really is

Read passages A — F, then:

1 Match paintings 1 — 4 with descriptions in paragraphs A — D. 2 Say which paintings are mentioned in paragraphs E and F.

E

c

Tm studying art at school, and I enjoy it a lot, although I can get tired of Qi Baishi (1863 — 1957)，one of China’s looking at pictures all the time. Fm crazy about the paintings of Qi Baishi, greatest painters, followed the traditional Chinese and this delightful picture of the little shrimps is such a lovely example of style of painting. Chinese painting is known for its his work. But I can^ stand that picture of a golden-haired girl. I think it*s brush drawings in black inks and natural colours. stupid.

Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully, and his paintings are special because of this.

D

Xu Beihong (15 —1953) was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists. Like Qi

A

This is a painting by the Spanish artist, Pablo E^casso, considered to be the greatest western artist of the twentieth century. Picasso and another painter, George Braque, started Cubism, one of the most important of all modem art movements. Cubist artists painted objects and people, with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time.

Baishi, Xu painted in the traditional Chinese style. Both painters have a beautiful brush line. Xu Beihong believed that artists should show reality, but not just imitate it. Instead, a picture should try to show the “life” of its subject He is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.

B

This painting by contemporary American artist Roy Lichtenstein (1923 — 1997) is a world famous example of pop art. Pop art (from the word “popular”）was an important modem art movement that aimed to show ordinary twentieth-century city life. For example, it shows things such as soup cans and advertisements.

Wu Hang

F

My parents are fond of going to art galleries and often take me with them, so IVe developed an interest in art. I must say, I love that picture of the six horses. They look so alive. It*s by a Chinese artist, isn't it? I can tell by the style. I think the painting of the young girl is probably by Picasso. 1 really like him. I think he's an extraordinary artist.

Sarah Hardwick

Read paragraphs A — F again and choose the correct answer.

1 The Cubist art movement ______________ .

(a) showed different sides of an object in the same picture

(b) is considered to be the greatest art movement of the twentieth century 2 Pop art _____________ .

(a) advertised the twentieth-century life

(b) tried to show ordinary life in the modem world

(a) painted in a very unusual way 4 Xu Beihong ________________ • 3 Qi Baishi _____________ .

(a) wanted to do more than imitate reality (a) loves

(a) a Chinese artist painted picture 3

(b) tried to paint horses (b) dislikes

(b) Pablo Picasso painted picture 3

5 Wu Hang _____________ the picture of a golden-haired girl.

(b) was a very traditional Chinese artist

FUNCTION Giving opinions

6 Sarah Hardwick thinks that

❹ Look at these sentences. Underline phrases for giving opinions.

I think some western art is beautiful and interesting. I like pictures that show reality. I really like paintings of animals. I can’t stand modem art. I think it5s awful.

Fm interested in pictures that are different in some way. I want something beautiful to put on my wall.

(j^) Work in pairs. Choose the painting you like best on page 32. Describe the painting and say what you know about

it. Say why you like it.

The picture I like best is Hie Six Horses. It's by Xu Beihong and was painted in 1925. It shows six horses running towards you. It is a lively painting in the traditional Chinese style. The horses look wonderfully alive. You feel they re going to come out ofthe painting and into the room! I think it's delightful. Perhaps it's because I realty like paintings of animals.

Now choose the painting you like least. Describe it and say what you know about it. Say why you dislike it.

GRAMMAR 1 -ing form and the infinitive

(tfl) Read the sentences below and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1 Pop art aimed to show ordinary twentieth-century city life. 2 Instead，a picture should attempt to show the “life” of its subject. 3 I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time. 4 My parents are fond of going to art galleries.

A When verbal phrases are followed by a verb, the second verb must

T

F

be the -ing form.

B When verbal phrases are followed by a verb, the second verb must be the infinitive.

C Certain verbs can be followed by an infinitive.

□ □

□ □

」

(j^ Underline the verbs that can be followed by the -ing form. The others are followed by the infinitive.

II

like decide enjoy hope agree hate dislike love plan refuse aim attempt

promise learn

^ Look at these verbal phrases. Match the two parts of the sentences.

can’t stand crazy about tired of good at give up look forward

to succeed in go on put off

1 She put off 2 One student went on 3 My father has given up 5 I’m looking forward to 6 He was tired of 7 That boy is crazy about

(a) explaining things clearly.

(b) showing my pictures to people until they are finished. (c) painting, after many years. He reads a lot, instead.

4 Our teacher Mr Wu is good at (d) visiting the art gallery next week. (e) buying the famous painting.

(f) walking round the gallery. He wanted to sit down.

(g) completing the picture，because she didn’t like it. 8 I can't stand

(h) talking after the teacher entered the art class.

9 The man succeeded in (i) pop art. He thinks it5s wonderful.

(j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive.

1 We plan _______________ more paintings this year, (buy) 2 She is looking forward to

art classes at her new school, (start)

3 He is attempting ________________ his painting by the weekend, (finish) 4 _________________________ She promised

me around the art gallery, (take)

5 _________________________ Don’t put off that exhibition, (visit)

LISTENING AND VOCABULARY B

(j0 Complete the sentences with these words.

exhibition expression landscape oil painting portrait realise realistic watercolour (painting)

1 __________________ A(n) is a painting in which you use thick paints that have oil in them. 2 __________________ The on her face is very friendly. 3 A(n) ______________ is a picture of a person.

4 When you _____________ something, you notice something that you didn't notice or understand before.

5 A(n) ______________ is a country scene.

6 If something is ______________ , it looks very real.

7 A(n) ______________ painting uses a type of paint that is mixed with water.

8 A(n) ______________ is a public show where people can go and see paintings or photographs.

<^) Look at the two pictures. Listen to the conversation and answer these questions.

1 What are the boy and girl discussing?

2 Which picture is the boy painting, picture 1 or picture 2? Say how you know this.

3 Why does the girl say sorry

(j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive.

at the end of the conversation?

^ Listen to the conversation again. Complete these sentences.

(j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive. 1 The girl likes the portrait because ___________________________________________ . 2 The girl thinks that the light _______________________________________________ . 3 The boy is really fond of __________________________________________________ . 4 The girl is better at ___________ than ______________________________________ . 5 The boy suggests ________________________________________________________ . 6 The boy likes ____________ more than ______________________________________ . 7 The girl has not recognised ________________________________________________ •

GRAMMAR 2 -/ng form as subject

Look at these sentences. The first three sentences are from Listening and vocabulary. Underline the -ing form in these sentences.

1 Painting is difficult for me. 2 I think drawing’s a lot easier.

3 Learning to paint well takes a long time.

卷 Complete the sentences with -ing forms of these verbs.

| draw help be able to drink spend copy |

1________________ paint well takes a long time. 2__________________________ They say that 4 ________________ is my favourite hobby.

5 ________________ other people makes me feel good. 6 —What do you enjoy most in life?

一 ________________ time with good friends. It*s really good fun.

a lot of water is good for you.

3 ________________ a picture is a good way to learn to paint.

SPEAKING

❹ Work in pairs. Prepare a questionnaire about people’s likes and dislikes in art. Write six questions.

[* \\ a rr p I Do you enjoy painting?

Work in groups. Take turns to ask your questions. Discuss the answers.

Make notes for a short talk on a painter or a painting you really like. Bring into class a copy of a painting to show to the class. Give your talk to the class.

EVERYDAY ENGLISH AND PRONUNCIATION B

Work in pairs. Choose the correct answer.

1 ________________________ You \\e got it right means . (a) You're correct (b) Turn right (j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive. 2 __________________________ Don't change a thing means . (a) Change people not things (b) Don^ change anything

3 _______________________________ I 'm not half as good as you means • (a) You’re much

better than me (b) Fm almost as good as you

4 _______________________________ What do you make of (it)? means . (a) What have you

made? (b) Whafs your opinion ofit?

5 There's (cm exhibition) on means ____ . (a) There^ an exhibition happening at the moment

(b) An exhibition is starting soon

6 _______________________________ Thanks for the compliment means . (a) Thanks saying something nice about me (b) Thanks for doing that

(^) Listen and repeat phrases in activity 1. Notice the weak sound.

WRITING Topic sentences

(^) Look at the passage in Reading and vocabulary activity 2. The first sentences of paragraphs A — D are topic sentences.

Look at the sentences below. Put them into the right order to make a paragraph. Find the topic sentence first.

1 Their paintings were realistic, but the painters also wanted to show their feelings about the landscape. 2 These artists painted with watercolours and inks, using soft brushes.

3 Chinese landscape painting was at its best over a thousand years ago, in the time of the Song landscape artists.

4 They were very successful in achieving both aims

Now write a paragraph that begins with the topic sentence below.

Everyone agrees that traditional Chinese painting is very beautiful.

for

(j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive.

Read the passage. Answer the question.

CULTURAL CORNER B

What do we learn about (a} Picasso’s blue period， (b) Picasso’s pink period^ (c) Picasso and Cubism?

People generally agree that Pablo colour pink. This period was known as Picasso, who lived from 1881 to 1973, Picasso’s “pink period”. is the twentieth-century’s greatest With another Spanish artist called western artist. He was born in Spain George Braque, Picasso then started and at the age of ten was already an an important new artistic movement excellent artist. He had his first called Cubism. Picasso’s first exhibition at the age of 16. Picasso Cubist paintings were all painted in studied art in Spain, but moved to brown and grey. People agree that France, in his early twenties. From Picasso’s greatest Cubist 1902 to 1904 he painted a series of painting is Guernica, which was pictures where the main colour was painted in Madrid in 1937. Guernica blue. These pictures showed poor, is the name of a town that was unhappy people and are known as destroyed during the 1930s war in Picasso’s “blue period”. From Spain. In this painting, Picasso 1904 to 1906 Picasso painted much showed his feelings about what had happier pictures in the

happened to the town.

(j^) Put the verb in bracket into the -ing form or the infinitive. TASK