非谓语doing

谓语 Doing

回顾什么叫非谓语，即非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（一副主谓）,又没有连词（并列连词和从属连词）的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时，这个动词就要使用非谓语动词形式。 I love you .

I love you but you dont love me .

I love the boy who doesn't love me . Cherry enjoys sing.

2.非谓语动词形式 to do 表未作的事情，表目的

Doing 表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生) Done 被动

Eg.Cherry enjoys singing (暗含经常发生) Eg.I saw XX sitting there.(表正在进行)

1.分解doing： Doing 表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生) 2.Doing的时态和语态

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常要用完成式，否则都用一般式。如：

We are interested in playing chess.

He was praised for having finished the work ahead of time. I’m sorry for not having kept my promise. 及物动词 不及物动词 主动 一般时 完成时 doing having done 被动 being done having been done 主动 doing having done 1.分词的时态 1、 与主语动词同时。如：

Arriving there, they found the boy dead.刚一到那儿，他们就发现那男孩死了。

The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president.

A to prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing 答案：B

2、 先于主语动词

分词作时间状语，如果先于主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用having done。如：

Having finished his homework, he went out for a walk.

After he had finished his homework, he went out for a walk. 做完作业，他出去散步。

______ a reply, he decided to write again.

A Not receiving B Receiving not

C Not having received D Having not received 答案：C

2. 分词的语态

1、 通常情况下，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。如：

He is the man giving you/who gave you the book他就是给你书的那个人

She is the girl stopped by/who was stopped by the car.她就是那个被车拦住的女孩。

2、 不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生。像：gone, fallen, retired,

grown-up, escaped, faded, returned等词。如：

a retired person 一个退休的人 a fallen ball 一个落下来的球 a burnt-out match 烧完了的火柴

3.doing的运用 1、 作主语

谓语用单数。It代替动名词作主语，常用于如下结构：

It’s no good/use doing···如：Seeing is believing.

Playing with fire is dangerous.It’s no good waiting here. 练一练：

1.__________ a language requires time and effort.

A. Learn B. Learning C. To learn D. Being learned 2. It is no good __________. You should give_________. A. to smoke, it up B. smoking, it up C. smoking, up it D. to smoke, up it 3. Do you consider it any good __________ again?

A. to try B. try C. trying D. for you to try 4. I don’t think it’s much good __________ to him.

A. writing B. to write C. to be written D. being written

5. __________ the assignment made his father lose his temper. A. The boy’s not having done B. The boy not having done C. The boy’s having not done D. The boy having not done 6. I don’t remember __________ about it.

A. him telling us B. his telling us C. him to tell us D. he tells us

7. The report was so __________ that they were all __________. A. inspiring, exciting B. inspiring, excited C. inspired, excited D. inspired, exciting 8. He seems __________ here for three years. A. to be living B. to have lived C. to have been lived D. to live 9. ---“What’s made you so upset?”

---“_________ three tickets to the pop music concert.” A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost Keys：BBCAA BBBB

2、 作宾语（做动词宾语和介词宾语）

I enjoy listening to music /He often practices playing the piano in the evening.

He is fond of playing basketball/He has given up smoking. 只能接doing作宾语的动词口诀： 禁不住 喜欢 介意（嫉妒）。不喜欢 否认，就承认。 建议 练习 逃避 冒险。考虑 原谅 彼此，坚持就能成功（完成）。对此感激不尽。

can’t help 禁不住/can’t stand无法忍受enjoy喜欢 mind介意/envy嫉妒， dislike不喜欢deny否认，admit承认吧，advise建议 suggest建议、practise训练avoid避免escape逃避 risk冒险 Appreciate consider考虑 excuse原谅、宽恕，forgive原谅Keep 坚持 成功succeed

give up放弃，put off推迟，devote to(to为介词)致力于···，

look forward to 期望、盼望，stick to坚持，be used to习惯于，object to反对， be busy忙于···，fee like想要···be surprised at 对……感到惊讶 be proud of 以……为骄傲 succeed in 在某方面成功 be afraid of害怕 (1) 只能接不定式作宾语的动词： happen 碰巧，offer 主动提出，promise 答应，agree 同意，refuse拒绝，decide 决定，determine 决定、决心，pretend 假装，fail 未能够，learn，wish希望，hope，expect，afford 负担得起。

(2) 接doing和不定式均可意义不同的动词：forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等

Stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做 Forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过 Remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过 Regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过 Try to do 企图做，尽力做 try doing 试着做

Go on to do 继续做（另一件事） go on doing 继续做（同一件事） Mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做

(3) Need, require, want作“需要”讲，其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，be worth也有类似用法。如：

The flowers need watering/to be watered.The problem is worth discussing. 练一练：

1) Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

A)having been fined B) to have been fined C) to be fined D) being fined 2) My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime.

A) to have heard B) to hear C) for hearing D) hearing 3) The thief took away the woman's wallet without____. A) being seen B) seeing C) him seeing D) seeing him

4) People appreciate ____wit him because he has a good sense of humor. (CET-4 1998,1)

A) to work B) to have workedC) working D) have working 5) I've enjoyed ____ to talk with you.

A) to be able B) being able C) to been able D) of being able 6) No one can avoid ____ by advertisements.

A) to be influenced B) being influenced C) influencing D)having influence

7) They are considering ____ before the prices go up. A) of buying the house B) with buying the house C) buying the house D) to buy the house

8) He thought that ____.

A) the effort doing the job was not worth B) the effort was not worth in doing the job

C) it was not worth the effort doing the job D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job

9) If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen.

A) to lock B) locking C) to have locked D) having locked 10) Your shirt needs ____. You'd better have it done today. A) iron B) to iron C) ironing D) being ironed Key: DDACB, BCCAC

3、 作表语

此时的doing可以和主语调换位置。如： My hobby is collecting stamps.

Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the child. 4、 作定语

（1） 单个分词作定语，分词前置。如：

The sleeping boy is my son./

The excited people rushed into the building.

A lost opportunity never returns./He is a retired worker.

（2） 分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；

个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如：

The girl standing under the tree is my niece. There is nothing interesting.

5.做宾语补足语：

分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如： I smell something burning./I heard him singing the song.

I heard my name called./I can’t make myself understood in English. I found my car missing.

I’ll have my watch repaired.我想把我的手表修一下。

练一练：The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.

A carry out B carrying out C carried out D to carry out 6.作状语

doing和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.

As I didn’t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)

Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend. He lay on the grass, looking into the sky.(伴随) 注意：

（1） 选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由

主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较： （Being）Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这

本书看上去很旧。

Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。 （2） 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就

用主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。

高考链接：

1.The cheerful and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot, ______ (dig) here and there, totally convinced that he would find it. But the dog, after sniffing （2012一模）

2.The dinosaur was forced to adapt and evolved into a smaller animal ____ (need) less space and food.(2010一模)

3.He had already passed sixty of the stages _____(lead)to his certain goal ,the tomb.(2011高考) 4.scientist Martin Sander’s work shows that they were probably fully ____ (grow) and belong to the smallest giant dinosaur species ever found.（2010高考） Exercise： 单项选择：

1.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketball, ______ that all children like these things.

A thinking B think C to think D thought

2.I can’t stand ______ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ______ talking while she works.

A working; stopping B to work; stopping C working; to stop D to work; to stop

3.If you think that treating a woman well means always ______ her permission for things, think again.

A gets B got C to get D getting 4.Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A do B to do C doing D and doing

5.The students entered the classroom, smiling and ______ , and ______ down to have their lessons.

A talked; sat B talking; sitting C talking; sat D talked; sitting

6.With the magazine An Express Way to English ______ us , we have improved our language skills a lot.

A helping B helped C has helped D to help 7.A communicative satellite ______ as much as 3.5 tons was sent up into space last week.

A weighing B weighed C to be weighed D being weighed 8. ______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it . 9. A. Having being told B. Though had been told C. He was told D. Having told

10.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead . 11.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. Laying

12.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here .

13.A. having added B. to add C. adding D. Added 14._______ a reply , he decided to write again .

15.A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

16.When passing me he pretended ______ me. 17.A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen

18.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young. 19.A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken

20.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.

21.A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that 22.C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out 15.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan Park.

A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led

16.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.

17.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen 18.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

19.A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail

20.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ____ against your face. A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move 21.While shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.

22.A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded

20.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ . A.come;permitted B.coming;permitted

C.comimg;being permitted D.to come;being permitted Keys：ACDCC AACAC ABBAA ACBCC 二，根据所给动词的正确形式填空

1._____(hold)his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting _____(hold)then.

2—Did you hear her _____(sing) this pop song this time the other day? —Yes,and I heard this song ______(sing) in English.

3.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ____ yesterday. (discuss)

4It is no use ______ your past mistakes. (regret )

I would appreciate ______ back this affernoon. (you call )your calling 5.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt _____ (tired)

6.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.(seat) 7.There is a river ______ around our school. (run)

8.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden? (take)

9.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. (not know)

10.The day we looked forward to ______ . (come)

11.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before _____.(fully accept)

12.The government forbids ______ such bad books. (publish)

13.A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing

14.You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.Well, now I regret _______that.(do)

15.He walked down the hills, _____ softly to himself.(sing) 16.He walked down the hills, and _ softly (sing)

17.Stop running and you will feel your heart ______faster than ever.(beat) 18.He was busy writing a story, only __ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. (stop)

19.______the letter, he went out to post it.(write)

20.______full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.(make)

21.The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _____(launch)at the end of last March

Keys:1.Holding being held 2.Singing sung 3.being discussed;discussed 4.regretting

5.tiring;tired 6.seating 7.running 8.taking 9.Not knowing 10.has come 11.being fully accepted 12 publishing 13.having done 14.singing 15.was singing 16.beating 17 stopping 18 Having written 19.Not having made 20.having been launched 三，翻译句子:

1. 购买保险是人们保护自己免受重大损失的一种办法。（protect） 2. 在高考中遇到难题时，冷静和自信是成功的关键。（meet with） 3. 他给我写了一封信，信上说他不可能在规定的时间内起程。（saying） 4. 短暂的犹豫使他失去了赢得奥运金牌的机会。（cost） 5. 正在建造的图书馆将于明年初向公众开放。（open） 6. 从他的表情来看，他一定已经知道结果。（judge from）

7. 发现学生下午昏昏欲睡的样子，老师竭尽所能来激发他们的兴趣。（arouse） 8. 为了拯救那些禽流感患者，医生们日夜工作，废寝忘食。（bird flu） 9. 说实话，我真后悔没有帮助他克服困难。（regret） 10. 这些广告旨在吸引消费者购买商品。（appeal） 11. 孩子需要照顾，由你来决定谁留下来。（up to） Keys:

1. Buying insurance is way (in which/ that) people can protect themselves

against great losses. / Buying insurance is a way for people to protect themselves against great losses.

2. When you meet with difficult problems in the college entrance

examinations, being calm and confident is the key to success. 3. He wrote me a letter saying that there was no possibility of his setting

out in the given time.

4. A moment of hesitation cost him the chance of winning / to win the

Olympic gold medal.

5. The library being built will open to the public at the beginning of

the next year.

6. Judging from his expression, he must have known the result.

7. Finding students sleepy in the afternoon, the teacher did everything

he could to arouse their interest.

8. In order to save those who suffered from bird flu, the doctors worded

day and night, forgetting/ neglecting their meals and sleep.

9. To tell you the truth, I really regret not helping him overcome the

difficulties.

10. The aim of these advertisements is to appeal to customers to buy

goods./ These advertisements aim at appealing to customers to buy goods.

11. The baby needs to be looked after / looking after. It is up to you

to decide who is to stay behind. 四，语法填空. A

It was a very cold evening, an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn’t ask for any help. The wait seemed __1__(end)．Then came another rider，the old man __2__(catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？”

Stopping his horse，he replied, “Of course.” Almost __3__(freeze), the old man could not get __4__ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river，__5__ to his home. “Sir, you didn’t even ask the other riders for help, why? What __6__ I had said ‘no’ and left you there？” the horseman asked.

The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes, I found they didn’t care，__7__ told me it would be useless, but when I looked into __8__， I saw kindness.”

These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for __9__ you’ve said, I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” with that, Thomas Jefferson, the __10__(three) president of the US, turned his horse around and went away.

B

At one point along an open highway，I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but __1__ I drove up to the light，it turned red，and I braked to a halt. I looked left, right，and behind me. Nothing，__2__a car，no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat，__3__(wait) the light to change，the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.

I started wondering __4__I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of __5__(catch) by the police, because there was obviously no cop anywhere around and __6__ certainly would have been no danger in going __7__ it. Much later that night，the __8__ question of why I’d stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it’s part of a contract(合同) we all have with each other. It’s not only the law, but it’s an agreement we have，and we trust each other to honor __9__：We don’t go through red lights. Like most of us, I’m more ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it __10__ by any law against it. Keys:

1endless2．caught3．frozen4．off5．but6．if7．which8．yours9．what10．third 1as/when2．not3．waiting4．Why 5being caught 6there 7through 8same 9it10．than