语法：
直接引语间接引语
(一)、概念：
直接引语：说话人直接引用别人的原话，引用部分要加引号。
间接引语：说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来，转述部分不用引号。
(二)、转换方法(两注意，一了解)：
两注意：先注意人称变化，再注意时态变化;一了解：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化。
l人称变化：一随主(直接引语中的第一人称应随主句中的主语变为相应的人称，但注意只改人称不变词性)
e.g. He said: “I am a good student.”→He said he was a good student. (主格)
He said: “My parents are teachers.”→He said his parents were teachers. (形代)
二随宾(直接引语中的第二人称应随主句中的宾语变为相应的人称，同样只改人称不变词性)
e.g. He said (to me): “ You have to go there.” →He said I had to go there.(主格)
He said (to me): “Your brother has to go there.”→He said my brother had to go there.(宾格)
三不变(直接引语中的第三人称不需要改变)
e.g. He said: “ He swims every day.”→He said he swam every day.
l时态变化，按下表进行改变
直接引语间接引语
一般现在时一般过去时(客观真理除外，仍用现在时)
现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时过去完成时
一般过去时过去完成时
过去完成时过去完时
一般将来时过将来时
一了解：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语可以不变，也可按以下规则进行变化：
直接引语间接引语
指示代词this这these这些that那those那些
时间状语now现在then那时
today今天that day那天
tonight今晚that night那天晚上
this week这星期that week那个星期
yesterday昨天the day before前一天
last week上星期the week before前一个星期
ago以前before以前
tomorrow明天the next/following day第二天
next week下星期the next week第二个星期
地点状语here这里there那里
动词come来go去
(三)、注意以下几种句型，它们在直接引语变间接引时，除了遵循以上人称和时态的变化外，还有一些特殊的要求：
1.直接引语为陈述句，完全遵循以上方法;
2.直接引语为一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反义疑问句时，先用“if”或“whether”来引出从句，再把从句写成一个陈述句。
e.g. He asked me: “Are you a student?”.(一疑)→He asked me if I was a student.
He asked me: “Do you like math or English?”(选疑)→He asked me if I liked math or English.
He asked me: “He is your brother, isn’t he?”(反疑)→He asked me if he was my brother.
3.直接引语为特殊疑问句时，先保留特殊疑问词，再把从句写成一个陈述句。
e.g. His mother asked: “Where is Tom?”→His mother asked where Tom was.
She asked: “Where do you come from?”→She asked where I came from.
4.直接引语为肯定祈使句时，应用短语：ask/tell sb. to do sth来转换。
e.g. The teacher said: “Open the door.”→The teacher asked/told me to open the door.
5.直接引语为否定祈使句时，应用短语：ask/tell sb. not to do sth来转换
e.g. My parents said: “Don’t play in the street.”→My parents asked me not to play in the street.
